{"id":11621,"date":"2026-07-12T14:12:00","date_gmt":"2026-07-12T14:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/2026\/07\/12\/hukuk-genel-kurulunun-2025-114-e-2026-226-k-sayili-karari\/"},"modified":"2026-07-12T14:12:00","modified_gmt":"2026-07-12T14:12:00","slug":"hukuk-genel-kurulunun-2025-114-e-2026-226-k-sayili-karari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/2026\/07\/12\/hukuk-genel-kurulunun-2025-114-e-2026-226-k-sayili-karari\/","title":{"rendered":"Hukuk Genel Kurulu’nun 2025\/114 E., 2026\/226 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

T.C.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yarg\u0131tay<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hukuk Genel Kurulu <\/strong><\/p>\n

2025\/114 E., 2026\/226 K.<\/strong><\/p>\n

“\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni”<\/strong><\/p>\n

MAHKEMES\u0130 : Ankara B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 14. Hukuk Dairesi
\nSAYISI : 2024\/1921 E., 2024\/1837 K.
\n\u00d6ZEL DA\u0130RE KARARI : Yarg\u0131tay 5. Hukuk Dairesinin 12.03.2024 tarihli ve
\n2023\/10996 Esas, 2024\/3046 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 BOZMA karar\u0131<\/p>\n

Taraflar aras\u0131ndaki kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin tespiti ve terkin davas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lama sonunda \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesince davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015ftir.
\nKarar\u0131n taraf vekilleri taraf\u0131ndan istinaf edilmesi \u00fczerine, B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, yeniden h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmak suretiyle davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015ftir.
\nB\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi karar\u0131 taraf vekilleri taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmesi \u00fczerine Yarg\u0131tay 5. Hukuk Dairesince yap\u0131lan inceleme sonunda bozulmu\u015f, B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan \u00d6zel Daire bozma karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 direnilmi\u015ftir.
\nDirenme karar\u0131 taraf vekilleri taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmekle; kesinlik, s\u00fcre, temyiz \u015fart\u0131 ve di\u011fer usul eksiklikleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan \u00f6n inceleme sonucunda, temyiz dilek\u00e7esinin kabul\u00fcne karar verildikten sonra, Tetkik H\u00e2kimi taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan g\u00fcndem ve dosyadaki belgeler incelenip gere\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/p>\n

I. DAVA<\/strong>
\nDavac\u0131 idare vekili dava dilek\u00e7esinde; Ankara-Ni\u011fde Otoyolu yol in\u015faat ve emniyet sahas\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde kalan ve kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilen daval\u0131ya ait Ankara ili, \u015eerefliko\u00e7hisar il\u00e7esi, … Mahallesi 1805 52… parsel say\u0131l\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin tespiti ile yol olarak terkinine karar verilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

II. CEVAP<\/strong>
\nDaval\u0131 vekili cevap dilek\u00e7esinde; davac\u0131 idare taraf\u0131ndan teklif edilen bedelin \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funu ve ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n rayi\u00e7 de\u011ferinin \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek ger\u00e7ek de\u011ferin tespit edilmesi gerekti\u011fini savunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

III. \u0130LK DERECE MAHKEMES\u0130 KARARI<\/strong>
\n\u0130lk Derece Mahkemesinin 10.03.2022 tarihli ve 2020\/581 Esas, 2022\/101 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile; davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne, dava konusu 1805 52… parsel say\u0131l\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin 315.364,99 TL olarak tespitine, dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n tapu kayd\u0131n\u0131n iptali ile yol olarak terkinine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

IV. \u0130ST\u0130NAF<\/strong><\/p>\n

A. \u0130stinaf Yoluna Ba\u015fvuranlar
\n\u0130lk Derece Mahkemesinin yukar\u0131da belirtilen karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde taraf vekilleri istinaf ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

B. Gerek\u00e7e ve Sonu\u00e7
\nB\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesinin 13.09.2023 tarihli ve 2022\/1027 Esas, 2023\/2051 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile; daha \u00f6nce incelenen ve denetimden ge\u00e7en dosyalarda ayn\u0131 yer ve ayn\u0131 kamula\u015ft\u0131rma kapsam\u0131nda kuru arazi niteli\u011findeki ta\u015f\u0131nmazlarda, ayn\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme tarihi itibar\u0131yla m\u00fcnavebeye al\u0131nan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin verim de\u011ferleri ve ortalama kg sat\u0131\u015f fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, ayr\u0131ca \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesince al\u0131nan bilirki\u015fi kurulu raporunda giderler i\u00e7erisine arazi kiras\u0131, de\u011fi\u015fken masraflar faizi ve genel idare giderlerinin de eklendi\u011fi, bu nedenle bu\u011fday veriminin 350 kg, saman veriminin 300 kg, bostan veriminin 1500 kg, bu\u011fday sat\u0131\u015f fiyat\u0131n\u0131n 1,80 TL, saman\u0131n 0,30 TL, bostan\u0131n 1,30 TL, arazi kiras\u0131, de\u011fi\u015fken masraflar ve genel idare giderleri d\u00e2hil edilmeksizin bu\u011fday giderinin 271,50 TL, bostan giderinin ise 448,50 TL al\u0131narak de\u011fer bi\u00e7ilmesi ve dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan arta kalan ve 4 parsel numaras\u0131n\u0131 alan 11.339, 18… lik k\u0131sm\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc ve geometrik durumu g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde %30 de\u011fer azal\u0131\u015f\u0131 hesaplanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finden bilirki\u015fi kurulundan ek rapor al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, yap\u0131lan inceleme sonucunda al\u0131nan ek rapor do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin 717.760,16 TL oldu\u011funun tespit edildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131larak yeniden karar verilmesi gerekti\u011fi gibi, Anayasa Mahkemesinin 05.04.2023 tarihli ve 2022\/83 Esas, 2023\/69 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kamula\u015ft\u0131rma Kanunu’nun (2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun) 10. maddesinin 9. f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki h\u00fckm\u00fcn 2709 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131’na (Anayasa) ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclerek iptaline karar verildi\u011fi, 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 15\/son maddesindeki \u201cBilirki\u015filerce yap\u0131lan de\u011fer tespitinde, idare taraf\u0131ndan belgelerin mahkemeye verildi\u011fi g\u00fcn esas tutulur\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn h\u00e2len y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olup, Anayasa Mahkemesince verilen iptal karar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esinde de kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin dava tarihi esas al\u0131narak belirlenmesinin do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve bu belirlemenin daha sonraki bir tarihe g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine dair bir ifade yer almad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bedelin davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihteki de\u011fere g\u00f6re belirlenmesinde yasal zorunluluk bulundu\u011fu, Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn belirli bir s\u00fcre ertelenece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi geriye y\u00fcr\u00fcmeme kural\u0131n\u0131n da uygulanamayaca\u011f\u0131, taraflar aras\u0131nda kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f daha y\u00fcksek akdi faiz oran\u0131 da bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re dava tarihi esas al\u0131narak belirlenen kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeline dava tarihinden karar tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in Anayasan\u0131n 46. maddesinde belirtilen en y\u00fcksek faiz olan kamu alacaklar\u0131na uygulanan en y\u00fcksek faiz oran\u0131n\u0131n uygulamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle davac\u0131 idare vekilinin istinaf ba\u015fvurusunun esastan reddine, daval\u0131 vekilinin istinaf ba\u015fvurusunun kabul\u00fcne, \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, yeniden h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmak suretiyle davan\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin 717.760,16 TL olarak tespitine, bu bedelin 315.364,TL\u2019lik k\u0131sm\u0131na dava tarihinden ilk derece mahkemesinin karar tarihi olan 10.03.2022 tarihine, 402.395,17 TL\u2019lik k\u0131sm\u0131na dava tarihinden i\u015f bu karar tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in kamu alacaklar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen en y\u00fcksek oranda faiz i\u015fletilmesine, dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n yol olarak terkinine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

V. BOZMA VE BOZMADAN SONRAK\u0130 YARGILAMA S\u00dcREC\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

A. Bozma Karar\u0131<\/p>\n

1. B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesinin yukar\u0131da belirtilen karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde taraf vekilleri temyiz isteminde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

2. Yarg\u0131tay 5. Hukuk Dairesinin yukar\u0131da tarih ve say\u0131s\u0131 belirtilen karar\u0131 ile;
\n”… 1. B\u00f6lge adliye mahkemelerinin nihai kararlar\u0131n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 371 inci maddesi ile 369 uncu maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan sebeplerden birinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2linde m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

2. Kuru tar\u0131m arazisi niteli\u011findeki dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaza 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 11 inci maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (f) bendi uyar\u0131nca oldu\u011fu gibi kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde getirece\u011fi net geliri esas al\u0131narak de\u011fer bi\u00e7ilmesi y\u00f6ntem itibar\u0131yla do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n

3. Dairemiz yerle\u015fik uygulamas\u0131na g\u00f6re; \u00f6zel ve dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken hakl\u0131 bir neden bulunmad\u0131k\u00e7a tar\u0131m arazilerinin oldu\u011fu gibi kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde getirece\u011fi net gelir \u00fczerinden bilimsel y\u00f6ntemle yap\u0131lacak de\u011ferlendirmede m\u00fcnavebeye al\u0131nacak \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in 2941 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 15 inci maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki d\u00fczenleme uyar\u0131nca, kamula\u015ft\u0131rma belgelerinin mahkemeye verildi\u011fi g\u00fcn itibar\u0131yla dekar ba\u015f\u0131na elde edilecek ortalama verime, \u00fcretim giderine ve toptan sat\u0131\u015f fiyat\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak ciddi istatistiki bilgilere dayal\u0131 oldu\u011fu bilinen o yerdeki Tar\u0131m ve Orman \u0130l\u00e7e M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc verilerinin esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

4. Buna g\u00f6re; arazi niteli\u011findeki dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaza net gelir y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re de\u011fer tespitinde 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 Sar\u0131yah\u015fi \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc verilerinin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekirken, bu husus g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilerek hangi verilere dayan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131ca ve a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmeden, \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc verilerinden ayr\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektiren nedenler varsa bunlar a\u00e7\u0131klanmadan, denetime imkan vermeyecek \u015fekilde soyut ifadelerle haz\u0131rlanan bilirki\u015fi ek raporunun h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 hatal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

5. 01.08.2023 tarihli ve 32266 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanan Anayasa Mahkemesinin 05.04.2023 tarihli ve 2022\/83 Esas, 2023\/69 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile 04.11.1983 tarihli ve 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 24.04.2001 tarihli ve 4650 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 5 inci maddesiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilen 10 uncu maddesine 11.04.2013 tarihli 6459 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 6 nc\u0131 maddesiyle eklenen dokuzuncu f\u0131kras\u0131 iptal edilmi\u015ftir. Dava 01.08.2023 tarihinden \u00f6nce a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 153 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinin be\u015finci f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan; \u201c\u0130ptal kararlar\u0131 geriye y\u00fcr\u00fcmez.\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc ve Yarg\u0131tay \u0130\u00e7tihad\u0131 Birle\u015ftirme Kurulunun; \u201cHer davada a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte tespit edilen vaziyet h\u00fckme ittihaz olunmas\u0131 iktiza eylemesine\u2026\u201d gerek\u00e7esini i\u00e7eren 28.11.1956 tarihli ve 15\/15 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile; \u201cHer dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihteki fiili ve hukuk\u00ee duruma g\u00f6re karara ba\u011flan\u0131r.\u201d genel hukuk\u00ee prensibini h\u00e2vi Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulunun 10.05.2017 tarihli ve 2017\/3-990 Esas, 2017\/954 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar\u0131 nazara al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda fark kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeline 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 10 uncu maddesinin dokuzuncu f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten 4 ay sonras\u0131ndan ba\u015flamak \u00fczere yasal faiz uygulanmas\u0131 gerekirken; yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde faize h\u00fckmedilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f, bozmay\u0131 gerektirmi\u015ftir. ….” gerek\u00e7esiyle karar\u0131n bozulmas\u0131na oy \u00e7oklu\u011fuyla karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

B. B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince Verilen Direnme Karar\u0131
\nB\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesinin yukar\u0131da tarih ve say\u0131s\u0131 belirtilen karar\u0131 ile; Yarg\u0131tay denetiminden ge\u00e7en ayn\u0131 b\u00f6lgeye ili\u015fkin dosyalarda ayn\u0131 nitelikteki ta\u015f\u0131nmazlara uygulanan m\u00fcnavebe \u015fekli ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin verim miktarlar\u0131n\u0131n esas al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n uygun g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bozma karar\u0131nda dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yerdeki verilerin esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015f ise de sat\u0131\u015f fiyatlar\u0131 ve giderler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden dosya aras\u0131na al\u0131nan \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 27.05.2022 tarihli cevabi yaz\u0131s\u0131 ekindeki 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re bilirki\u015fi kurulundan ek rapor al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, ek raporda m2 de\u011ferinin 24,38 TL ve %10 objektif de\u011fer art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile 26,82 TL olarak hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131, 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 10\/8. maddesi gere\u011fince dosyada mevcut resm\u00ee veriler ve \u00d6zel Dairenin ayn\u0131 b\u00f6lgeye ili\u015fkin kararlar\u0131 da g\u00f6zetilerek al\u0131nan ek rapor ile belirlenen bedelin adil ve hakkaniyete uygun oldu\u011fu, faiz y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ise \u00f6nceki kararda belirtilen gerek\u00e7elerle bozma il\u00e2m\u0131na direnilmesi gerekti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle direnme karar\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

VI. TEMY\u0130Z<\/strong><\/p>\n

A. Temyiz Yoluna Ba\u015fvuranlar
\nB\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesinin yukar\u0131da belirtilen direnme karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde taraf vekilleri temyiz isteminde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

B. Temyiz Sebepleri
\n1. Davac\u0131 idare vekili; direnme karar\u0131nda kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeline dava tarihinden karar tarihine kadar kamu alacaklar\u0131na uygulanacak en y\u00fcksek faiz oran\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fletilmesine karar verilmesinin hatal\u0131 oldu\u011funu, bozma karar\u0131nda belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten d\u00f6rt ay sonras\u0131ndan ba\u015flamak \u00fczere yasal faiz uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini, istinaf mahkemesinin tensip tutana\u011f\u0131 do\u011frultusunda d\u00fczenlenen raporun h\u00fckme esas al\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tespit edilen kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu, bedel tespiti yap\u0131l\u0131rken \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden dava konusu parsel ve civar\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak ekilen m\u00fcnavebe sistemi ve 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 verileri temin edilerek de\u011fer bi\u00e7ilmesi gerekirken daha \u00f6nce onanan dosyalarda kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek ve b\u00fct\u00fcn dosyalarda ayn\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn ve ayn\u0131 verim de\u011ferleri kullan\u0131larak kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin belirlenmesinin hatal\u0131 oldu\u011funu, %10 oran\u0131nda objektif de\u011fer art\u0131\u015f\u0131 uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n yerinde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerek karar\u0131n bozulmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

2. Daval\u0131 vekili; tespit edilen kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funu, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ger\u00e7ek de\u011ferini yans\u0131tmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ta\u015f\u0131nmazdan arta kalan k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n de\u011fer kayb\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrerek karar\u0131n bozulmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

C. Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k
\nDirenme yoluyla Hukuk Genel Kurulu \u00f6n\u00fcne gelen uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k, kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin tespiti ve terkin istemine ili\u015fkin eldeki davada;<\/p>\n

1- B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince al\u0131nan 05.04.2023 tarihli bilirki\u015fi kurulu ek raporunun h\u00fck\u00fcm kurmaya elveri\u015fli nitelikte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, buradan var\u0131lacak sonuca g\u00f6re kuru tar\u0131m arazisi niteli\u011findeki dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n net gelir y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re de\u011ferinin tespitinde, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 \u015eerefliko\u00e7hisar \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc resm\u00ee verilerinin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekip gerekmedi\u011fi,<\/p>\n

2- Dava tarihinden sonra, 01.08.2023 tarihli ve 32266 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanan Anayasa Mahkemesinin 05.04.2023 tarihli ve 2022\/83 Esas, 2023\/69 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile 04.11.1983 tarihli ve 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 10. maddesine 11.04.2013 tarihli 6459 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 6. maddesiyle eklenen 9. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n iptal edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen d\u00fczenlemenin iptaline ili\u015fkin Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n somut olayda uygulan\u0131p uygulanamayaca\u011f\u0131; buradan var\u0131lacak sonuca g\u00f6re fark kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeline 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 10. maddesinin 9. f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten d\u00f6rt ay sonras\u0131ndan ba\u015flamak \u00fczere yasal faiz uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekip gerekmedi\u011fi, noktalar\u0131nda toplanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D. Gerek\u00e7e<\/p>\n

1. \u0130lgili Hukuk
\n4650 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’la de\u011fi\u015fik 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un 10… . maddeleri.<\/p>\n

2. De\u011ferlendirme<\/p>\n

A- Bir numaral\u0131 uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan incelemede;<\/p>\n

1. Konunun a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun’un \u201cKamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin tespiti esaslar\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 11. maddesine de\u011finmek gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

2. An\u0131lan maddede; \u201c15 inci madde uyar\u0131nca olu\u015fturulacak bilirki\u015fi kurulu, kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal veya kayna\u011f\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yere mahkeme heyeti ile birlikte giderek, haz\u0131r bulunan ilgilileri de dinledikten sonra ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal veya kayna\u011f\u0131n;<\/p>\n

a) Cins ve nevini,<\/p>\n

b) Y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc,<\/p>\n

c) K\u0131ymetini etkileyebilecek b\u00fct\u00fcn nitelik ve unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ve her unsurun ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferini,<\/p>\n

d) Varsa vergi beyan\u0131n\u0131,<\/p>\n

e) Kamula\u015ft\u0131rma tarihindeki resmi makamlarca yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f k\u0131ymet takdirlerini,<\/p>\n

f) Arazilerde, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal veya kayna\u011f\u0131n (\u0130ptal edilen ibare ANY. MAH. 26.05.2016 T. 2015\/55 E. 2016\/45 K.) mevkii ve \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re ve oldu\u011fu gibi kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde getirece\u011fi net gelirini,<\/p>\n

g) Arsalarda, kamula\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00fcn\u00fcnden \u00f6nceki \u00f6zel amac\u0131 olmayan emsal sat\u0131\u015flara g\u00f6re sat\u0131\u015f de\u011ferini,<\/p>\n

h) Yap\u0131larda, (\u0130ptal Edilen \u0130bare ANY. MAH. 09.04.2003 T. 2002\/79 E. 2003\/29 K.) resmi birim fiyatlar\u0131 ve yap\u0131 maliyet hesaplar\u0131n\u0131 ve y\u0131pranma pay\u0131n\u0131,
\n(De\u011fi\u015fik bent RGT: 28.04.2018 RG NO: 30405 Kanun No: 7139\/27)<\/p>\n

\u0131) (\u0130ptal edilen ibare RGT: 14.05.2019 RG NO: 30774 ANY. MAH. 10.04.2019 T. 2018\/156 E. 2019\/22 K.) (\u0130ptal Edilen \u0130bare RGT: 14.05.2019 RG No: 30774 ANY. MAH. 10.04.2019 T. 2018\/156 E. 2019\/22 K.) her bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn etkisi a\u00e7\u0131klanmak kayd\u0131yla bedelin tespitinde etkili olacak di\u011fer objektif \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri,
\nEsas tutarak d\u00fczenleyecekleri raporda b\u00fct\u00fcn bu unsurlar\u0131n cevaplar\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 belirtmek suretiyle ve ilgililerin beyan\u0131n\u0131 da dikkate alarak (Eklenmi\u015f \u0130bare RGT: 24.11.2016 RG No: 29898 Kanun No: 6754\/38) Sermaye Piyasas\u0131 Kurulu taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen de\u011ferleme standartlar\u0131na uygun, gerek\u00e7eli bir de\u011ferlendirme raporuna dayal\u0131 olarak ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n de\u011ferini tespit ederler.<\/p>\n

Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal\u0131n de\u011ferinin tespitinde, kamula\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 gerektiren imar ve hizmet te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn sebep olaca\u011f\u0131 de\u011fer art\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ile ilerisi i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen kullanma \u015fekillerine g\u00f6re getirece\u011fi kar dikkate al\u0131nmaz.<\/p>\n

Kamula\u015ft\u0131rma yoluyla irtifak hakk\u0131 tesisinde, bu kamula\u015ft\u0131rma sebebiyle ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal veya kaynakta meydana gelecek k\u0131ymet d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gerek\u00e7eleriyle belirtilir. Bu k\u0131ymet d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelidir.” \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlemeye yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

3. Bu maddeye g\u00f6re tar\u0131m arazisi niteli\u011findeki ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n mevkii ve \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re oldu\u011fu gibi kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde ekilecek \u00fcr\u00fcnler ve m\u00fcnavebeye al\u0131nan bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin elde edilmesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacak harcamalar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutularak net gelirin hesaplanmas\u0131 ve bilimsel yolla de\u011ferinin bulunmas\u0131, bedel tespitinde etkisi olan di\u011fer t\u00fcm unsurlar da dikkate al\u0131narak her unsurun gerek\u00e7eleri ve de\u011fere katk\u0131 oranlar\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 belirtilip g\u00f6sterilmek suretiyle kamula\u015ft\u0131rma kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi gerekti\u011fi gibi, bu unsurlar\u0131n dayanaklar\u0131 olan belgelerin de getirtilmesi zorunludur.<\/p>\n

4. Yukar\u0131da yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda somut olay de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesince kuru tar\u0131m arazisi niteli\u011findeki dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin tespiti amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lacak de\u011ferlendirmeye esas olmak \u00fczere \u015eerefliko\u00e7hisar \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 2020 y\u0131l\u0131na ait maliyet ve m\u00fcnavebe \u00fcr\u00fcnleri tablosu dosya i\u00e7erisine getirtilmi\u015ftir. Mahallinde yap\u0131lan ke\u015fif sonucu d\u00fczenlenen ve h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan bilirki\u015fi kurulu raporunda, m\u00fcnavebe \u00fcr\u00fcnleri olarak bu\u011fday ve bostan (kavun) \u00fcr\u00fcnleri esas al\u0131narak net gelir y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeli hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

5. \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesi karar\u0131n\u0131n istinaf incelemesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince, ba\u015fka bir dosya i\u00e7erisinde bulunan \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc verileri dosya aras\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra tensip ara karar\u0131 ile, ayn\u0131 kamula\u015ft\u0131rma kapsam\u0131nda 2020 de\u011ferlendirme y\u0131l\u0131 olan dosyalarda kuru tar\u0131m arazilerinde uygulanan veriler rakam olarak tek tek belirtilmek suretiyle bu rakamlar esas al\u0131narak de\u011fer bi\u00e7ilmesi ve kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin hesaplanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla bilirki\u015fi kurulundan ek rapor al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesine yaz\u0131 yaz\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir. Al\u0131nan 05.04.2023 tarihli bilirki\u015fi kurulu ek raporunda belirtilen veriler esas al\u0131narak kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeli hesaplanm\u0131\u015f, B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince bu ek rapor h\u00fckme esas al\u0131narak yeniden esas hakk\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmak suretiyle davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

6. \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesince dosya i\u00e7erisine getirtilen \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 verileri ile B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince ba\u015fka bir dosya i\u00e7erisinden dosya aras\u0131na al\u0131nan verilerin ve yine B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince daha \u00f6nce 2020 de\u011ferlendirme y\u0131l\u0131 olan dosyalarda kuru tar\u0131m arazilerinde uygulanan veriler oldu\u011fu belirtilen rakamlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda; m\u00fcnavebeye al\u0131nan bu\u011fday ve bostan (kavun) \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin kilogram ba\u015f\u0131na dekara ortalama verim miktarlar\u0131n\u0131n, sat\u0131\u015f fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00fcretim giderlerinin birbiri ile uyumlu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu haliyle aralar\u0131nda \u00e7eli\u015fki bulundu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

7. Bu durumda kuru tar\u0131m arazisi niteli\u011findeki dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n net gelir y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin tespitinde, m\u00fcnavebeye al\u0131nacak \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in de\u011ferlendirme y\u0131l\u0131 olan 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc resm\u00ee verilerinin esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekirken, hangi verilere dayan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131ca ve a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmeden, daha \u00f6nce denetimden ge\u00e7en dosyalarda uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilen veriler uygulanmak suretiyle bilirki\u015fi kurulundan ek rapor d\u00fczenlenmesi istenerek denetime imk\u00e2n vermeyecek \u015fekilde soyut ifadelerle haz\u0131rlanan bu ek raporun h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 yerinde de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

8. \u00d6te yandan direnme karar\u0131nda, net gelir y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131, Yarg\u0131tay denetiminden ge\u00e7en ayn\u0131 nitelikteki ta\u015f\u0131nmazlarda uygulanan m\u00fcnavebe \u015fekli ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin verim miktarlar\u0131n\u0131n esas al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n uygun g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, sat\u0131\u015f fiyatlar\u0131 ve giderler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden dosya aras\u0131na al\u0131nan \u015eerefliko\u00e7hisar \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 27.05.2022 tarihli cevabi yaz\u0131s\u0131 ekindeki 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re bilirki\u015fi kurulundan ek rapor al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6zel Daire bozma karar\u0131nda ise sadece resm\u00ee veriler dikkate al\u0131narak ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n de\u011ferinin belirlenmesi gerekti\u011fine de\u011finilmi\u015f ancak dosya kapsam\u0131nda bulunan veri tablolar\u0131 ile B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesinin tensip ara karar\u0131yla belirtilen verilerin birbiri ile uyumlu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, mevcut \u00e7eli\u015fkinin giderilmesi gerekti\u011fi hususlar\u0131na de\u011finilmemi\u015f ise de, yukar\u0131da belirtilen hususlar yan\u0131nda, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131na ili\u015fkin resm\u00ee veriler \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden getirtilip dosya kapsam\u0131nda yer alan veri tablolar\u0131 ile aralar\u0131nda \u00e7eli\u015fki bulunmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde \u00e7eli\u015fkinin giderilmesi ve daha sonra bilirki\u015fi kurulundan resm\u00ee verilerin uygulanmas\u0131 suretiyle ek rapor al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve olu\u015facak sonuca g\u00f6re karar verilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

9. H\u00e2l b\u00f6yle olunca, bir numaral\u0131 uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden direnme karar\u0131n\u0131n, Hukuk Genel Kurulunca da benimsenen \u00d6zel Daire bozma karar\u0131nda belirtilen nedenler yan\u0131nda yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan geni\u015fletilmi\u015f gerek\u00e7e ve nedenlerle bozulmas\u0131na karar vermek gerekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

10. Bunun yan\u0131nda, \u00d6zel Daire bozma karar\u0131nda; Sar\u0131yah\u015fi \u0130l\u00e7e Tar\u0131m ve Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc verilerinin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015f ise de dava konusu ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n \u015eerefliko\u00e7hisar il\u00e7esinde bulundu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00d6zel Daire bozma karar\u0131nda yer alan bu ibarenin maddi hata niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fu kanaatine var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B- \u0130ki numaral\u0131 uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan incelemede;<\/p>\n

11. Anayasan\u0131n \u201cAnayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n di\u011fer mahkemelerde ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 152. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cBir davaya bakmakta olan mahkeme, uygulanacak bir kanun veya Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamesinin h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini Anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrse veya taraflardan birinin ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k iddias\u0131n\u0131n ciddi oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131na var\u0131rsa, Anayasa Mahkemesinin bu konuda verece\u011fi karara kadar davay\u0131 geri b\u0131rak\u0131r\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcne yer verilmi\u015ftir. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcmden hareketle somut norm denetimi olarak da ifade edilen itiraz yolu, bir mahkemede g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte olan bir davan\u0131n karara ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n, o davada uygulanacak bir kanun veya Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamesi h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn Anayasaya uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi ve bu belirmenin sonucuna ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu durumlarda yap\u0131lan denetimdir. Buna g\u00f6re, bir davaya bakmakta olan mahkeme, uygulanacak bir kanun veya Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamesi h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc Anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrse veya taraflardan birinin ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k iddias\u0131n\u0131n ciddi oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131na var\u0131rsa, Anayasa Mahkemesinin bu konuda verece\u011fi karara kadar davay\u0131 geri b\u0131rak\u0131r.<\/p>\n

12. Yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen 152. maddenin 3. f\u0131kras\u0131nda ise \u201cAnayasa Mahkemesi, i\u015fin kendisine geli\u015finden ba\u015flamak \u00fczere be\u015f ay i\u00e7inde karar\u0131n\u0131 verir ve a\u00e7\u0131klar. Bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde karar verilmezse mahkeme davay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131r. Ancak, Anayasa Mahkemesinin karar\u0131, esas hakk\u0131ndaki karar kesinle\u015finceye kadar gelirse, mahkeme buna uymak zorundad\u0131r\u201d d\u00fczenlemesine yer verilmi\u015f olup Anayasa Mahkemesince verilen iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n itiraz yoluna ba\u015fvuran mahkeme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve geriye y\u00fcr\u00fcyece\u011fi sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

13. Bu noktada, iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte olan benzer davalara etkisi konusunda de\u011ferlendirme yapmak faydal\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

14. Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere Anayasan\u0131n 153. maddesinin 5. f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re iptal kararlar\u0131 geriye y\u00fcr\u00fcmez. \u0130ptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n geriye y\u00fcr\u00fcmezli\u011fine ili\u015fkin h\u00fckm\u00fcn temel amac\u0131 iptal edilen kanuna veya Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamesi h\u00fckm\u00fcne dayan\u0131larak daha \u00f6nce yap\u0131lan i\u015flemlerin ge\u00e7erliliklerinin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Anayasa Mahkemesinin 12.12.1989 tarihli ve 1989\/11 Esas, 1989\/48 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda da iptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n geriye y\u00fcr\u00fcmezli\u011fi \u201cAnayasa’n\u0131n 152. maddesine g\u00f6re, itiraz yoluna ba\u015fvuran mahkemeler, Anayasa Mahkemesi’nce verilecek kararlara uymak zorundad\u0131rlar. Bu durumda, itiraz eden mahkeme, elinde bulunan ve Anayasa Mahkemesi’nin iptal karar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bir davay\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesi kararma g\u00f6re \u00e7\u00f6zecek ve do\u011frudan iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n etkisini \u00f6nceye uygulayacakt\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 durum, itiraz yoluna ba\u015fvurmayan mahkemeler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ptal davas\u0131 veya itiraz \u00fczerine bir kural\u0131n iptali sonucu, Mahkemeler bakmakta olduklar\u0131 davalar\u0131 bu karara g\u00f6re \u00e7\u00f6zmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcrler. Bu sonu\u00e7 Anayasa’n\u0131n, “Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazetede hemen yay\u0131mlan\u0131r ve yasama, y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve yarg\u0131 organlar\u0131n\u0131, idare makamlar\u0131n\u0131, ger\u00e7ek ve t\u00fczelki\u015fileri ba\u011flar.” yolundaki 153. maddesinin alt\u0131nc\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan kural\u0131n sonucudur.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan Anayasa’n\u0131n 153. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re, yasa, kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcnde kararname veya T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi i\u00e7t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya da bunlar\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, iptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kalkar. Yukar\u0131da g\u00f6sterilen ve iptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyan kuralla bu kural\u0131n birlikte de\u011ferlendirilmesi durumunda, iptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n ileriye y\u00f6nelik “derhal” etkisi tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z bi\u00e7imde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece, Anayasa Mahkemesi karar\u0131yla iptal edilen bir yasan\u0131n gelece\u011fe y\u00f6nelik t\u00fcm etkilerinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve iptal karar\u0131na uyulmas\u0131 t\u00fcm devlet kurulu\u015flar\u0131nca ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir zorunluluktur.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, iptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n kimi durumda ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, fakat her durumda gelece\u011fi etkilemesi as\u0131ld\u0131r.
\n\u2026
\nT\u00fcrk Anayasal sisteminde, “Devlete g\u00fcven” ilkesini sarsmamak ve ayr\u0131ca devlet ya\u015fam\u0131nda bir karma\u015faya neden olmamak i\u00e7in iptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n geriye y\u00fcr\u00fcmezli\u011fi kural\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece hukuksal ve nesnel alanda etkilerini g\u00f6stermi\u015f, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011furmu\u015f bulunan durumlar\u0131n, iptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girece\u011fi g\u00fcne kadarki d\u00f6nem i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli say\u0131lmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d \u015feklinde a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

15. Bununla birlikte, bu ilkenin mutlak olarak kabul edilemeyece\u011fi ortadad\u0131r. Zira yukar\u0131da da de\u011finildi\u011fi \u00fczere somut norm denetiminde, Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal karar\u0131 esas hakk\u0131ndaki karar kesinle\u015finceye kadar gelirse itiraz yoluna ba\u015fvuran mahkeme iptal karar\u0131n\u0131 uygulamak zorunda olup bu durumda iptal karar\u0131 geriye y\u00fcr\u00fcyecektir; aksinin kabul\u00fc h\u00e2linde ise mahkemeler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan itiraz yoluna ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131n\u0131n bir anlam\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

16. Di\u011fer taraftan Anayasan\u0131n \u201cAnayasan\u0131n ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 11. maddesinde \u201cAnayasa h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, yasama, y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve yarg\u0131 organlar\u0131n\u0131, idare makamlar\u0131n\u0131 ve di\u011fer kurulu\u015f ve ki\u015fileri ba\u011flayan temel hukuk kurallar\u0131d\u0131r.
\nKanunlar Anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamaz\u201d d\u00fczenlemesi; \u201cMahkemelerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 138. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cHakimler, g\u00f6revlerinde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131rlar; Anayasaya, kanuna ve hukuka uygun olarak vicdan\u0131 kanaatlerine g\u00f6re h\u00fck\u00fcm verirler\u201d ve 153. maddesinin 6. f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201cAnayasa Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete’de hemen yay\u0131mlan\u0131r ve yasama, y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve yarg\u0131 organlar\u0131n\u0131, idare makamlar\u0131n\u0131, ger\u00e7ek ve t\u00fczelki\u015fileri ba\u011flar\u201d h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ile 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu\u2019nun (6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun) 33. maddesinde ise \u201cH\u00e2kim, T\u00fcrk hukukunu resen uygular\u201d \u015feklinde ifadesini bulan yasal ilke yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

17. Belirtmek gerekir ki, somut norm denetimi yoluyla Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan verilen iptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm h\u00e2lini alm\u0131\u015f yarg\u0131 ve idare kararlar\u0131 sakl\u0131 kalmak \u015fart\u0131yla geriye y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kabul etmek gerekmektedir. \u0130ptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n geriye y\u00fcr\u00fcmemesi \u201chukuk g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak\u201d amac\u0131 ile konmu\u015f oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, bu ilke yaln\u0131zca kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm h\u00e2llerinde ifade eder (Tezi\u00e7, Erdo\u011fan: Anayasa Hukuku (Genel Esaslar), 23. Bas\u0131, \u0130stanbul 2019, s. 264, 265;).<\/p>\n

18. Yap\u0131lan bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalara g\u00f6re somut norm denetimi yoluyla verilen Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptal kararlar\u0131n\u0131n kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm h\u00e2lini almam\u0131\u015f derdest dosyalar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden uygulanmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fu ortadad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

19. Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k konusu hususun hukuki dayana\u011f\u0131 olan 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 10. maddesine 11.04.2013 tarihli ve 6459 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 6. maddesiyle eklenen 9. f\u0131kras\u0131; \u201cKamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin tespiti i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lan davan\u0131n d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lamamas\u0131 h\u00e2linde, tespit edilen bedele bu s\u00fcrenin bitiminden itibaren kanuni faiz i\u015fletilir\u201d \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015fken, 01.08.2023 tarihli ve 32266 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Anayasa Mahkemesinin 05.04.2023 tarihli ve 2022\/83 Esas, 2023\/69 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile; \u201c\u2026 Anayasa’n\u0131n 46. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda kamula\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ger\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denmesi \u015fart\u0131yla kullan\u0131labilecek bir yetki oldu\u011fu h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denmesi Anayasa’n\u0131n 46. maddesiyle maliklerin lehine olarak getirilen \u00f6zel bir g\u00fcvence mahiyetindedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ger\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6denmeden yap\u0131lan kamula\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemleri Anayasa’n\u0131n 46. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki ger\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6denmesi g\u00fcvencesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan ger\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6denmesi ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesinin de bir gere\u011fidir. Kamula\u015ft\u0131rma suretiyle m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalelerde, hedeflenen kamu yarar\u0131 ile malikin bireysel yarar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6zetilmesi gereken adil denge ancak malike tazminat \u00f6denmek suretiyle sa\u011flanabilir. Di\u011fer bir ifadeyle kamula\u015ft\u0131rma suretiyle m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131na m\u00fcdahalede bulunulan durumlarda malike tazminat \u00f6denmesi, m\u00fcdahaleyle malike y\u00fcklenen a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 k\u00fclfetin telafi edilmesini temin eden temel bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Anayasa’n\u0131n 46. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda, kamula\u015ft\u0131rmada ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ger\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denece\u011fi h\u00fckme ba\u011flanmakla kamu yarar\u0131 ile malikin menfaatleri aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi kuracak bedelin ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ger\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu ifade edilmi\u015ftir (baz\u0131 farklarla birlikte bkz. Saadet Ekin, B. No: 2014\/18103, 26\/10\/2017, \u00a7 35).<\/p>\n

M\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda alaca\u011f\u0131n ge\u00e7 \u00f6denmesi durumunda arada ge\u00e7en s\u00fcrede enflasyon nedeniyle paran\u0131n de\u011ferinde olu\u015fan hissedilir a\u015f\u0131nma ile m\u00fclkiyetin ger\u00e7ek de\u011feri azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bu bedelin tasarruf veya yat\u0131r\u0131m arac\u0131 olarak getirisinden yararlanma imk\u00e2n\u0131 da bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu \u015fekilde ki\u015filer m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131ndan mahrum edilerek haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011frat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r (AYM, E.2008\/58, K.2011\/37, 10\/2\/2011). Bu sebeple devletin kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin ge\u00e7 \u00f6denmesi sebebiyle paran\u0131n de\u011ferinde olu\u015facak a\u015f\u0131nmay\u0131 telafi edecek mekanizmalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmesi gerekmektedir. Bu gereklilik ayn\u0131 zamanda Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 46. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan ger\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k g\u00fcvencesinin de zorunlu bir sonucudur.<\/p>\n

\u0130tiraz konusu kuralda kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin tespiti i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lan davan\u0131n d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lamamas\u0131 h\u00e2linde, tespit edilen bedele bu s\u00fcrenin bitiminden itibaren kanuni faiz i\u015fletilmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin ge\u00e7 \u00f6dendi\u011fi durumlarda kanuni faiz i\u015fletilmesi s\u00f6z konusu bedelin ekonomik de\u011ferinin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 temin eden ara\u00e7lardan biridir. Ancak bu arac\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 46. maddesindeki gerekliliklere uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin enflasyon etkisiyle yitirilen de\u011ferini kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Anayasa Mahkemesinin gerek norm denetimi kapsam\u0131nda gerekse de bireysel ba\u015fvuru kapsam\u0131nda verdi\u011fi \u00e7e\u015fitli kararlar\u0131nda alacaklar\u0131n da m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda oldu\u011fu, devlet taraf\u0131ndan alacaklar\u0131n ge\u00e7 \u00f6denmesi h\u00e2linde enflasyon oranlar\u0131 alt\u0131nda olmayan bir faiz \u00f6denmesinin bireyin haklar\u0131 ve kamu d\u00fczeni bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir (AYM, E.1997\/34, K.1998\/79, 15\/12\/1998; Mehmet Akdo\u011fan ve di\u011ferleri, B. No: 2013\/87, 19\/12\/2013, \u00a7 52;Akel G\u0131da San. ve Tic. A.\u015e., B. No: 2013\/28, 25\/2\/2015, \u00a7 46; Abdulhalim Bozbo\u011fa, B. No: 2013\/6880, 23\/3\/2016, \u00a7 58; Ferda Ye\u015filtepe[GK], B. No: 2014\/7621, 25\/7\/2017, \u00a7 29).
\n4\/12\/1984 tarihli ve 3095 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanuni Faiz ve Temerr\u00fct Faizine \u0130li\u015fkin Kanun\u2019un 1. maddesinde \u201cBor\u00e7lar Kanunu ve T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanununa g\u00f6re faiz \u00f6denmesi gereken hallerde, miktar\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile tespit edilmemi\u015fse bu \u00f6deme y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00fczde oniki oran\u0131 \u00fczerinden yap\u0131l\u0131r.\/ Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131, bu oran\u0131 ayl\u0131k olarak belirlemeye, y\u00fczde onuna kadar indirmeye veya bir kat\u0131na kadar art\u0131rmaya yetkilidir.\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcne yer verilmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re kanuni faiz y\u00fczde yirmi d\u00f6rd\u00fc a\u015famamaktad\u0131r.
\n\u0130tiraz konusu kuralla ge\u00e7 \u00f6denen kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeli i\u00e7in sadece kanuni faiz \u00f6denece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Enflasyon nedeniyle u\u011fran\u0131lacak ve kanuni faizi a\u015fan zararlarla ilgili herhangi bir d\u00fczenlemeye ise yer verilmemi\u015ftir. \u00d6zellikle y\u00fcksek enflasyonist d\u00f6nemlerde devletin kamula\u015ft\u0131rma nedeniyle bor\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu tutar ile alacakl\u0131 hak sahibi taraf\u0131ndan nihai olarak al\u0131nan tutar aras\u0131ndaki enflasyon nedeniyle olu\u015fan de\u011fer kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 gidermek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hak sahibinin kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n\u0131n bedelini ger\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcne uygun olarak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan da s\u00f6z edilemez.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan idare taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lan kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin tespiti ve tescil davas\u0131nda kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeli dava tarihi itibar\u0131yla belirlenmektedir. Ancak itiraz konusu kuralla faizin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihi yarg\u0131laman\u0131n d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ay\u0131n\u0131n sona erdi\u011fi tarih olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu durumda kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin fiilen tahsis, kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f say\u0131lma ve kamula\u015ft\u0131rmaya esas rayi\u00e7 bedelin belirlendi\u011fi tarihten daha sonraki bir tarihte \u00f6denmi\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131 ve bedelin belirlendi\u011fi tarihle faizin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihi aras\u0131ndaki d\u00f6rt ayl\u0131k bir s\u00fcrede hak sahibinin enflasyon etkisiyle makul olan\u0131n \u00f6tesinde bir ekonomik kayb\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fabilece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.
\nBu itibarla an\u0131lan anayasal \u00f6geleri dikkate almayan ve ger\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k anayasal \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131lamayan kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13. maddesinde belirtilen, s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamayaca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k te\u015fkil etmektedir.<\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 13., 35. ve 46. maddelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ptali gerekir.\u2026\u201d gerek\u00e7esiyle itiraz konusu kural\u0131n iptaline karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

20. Anayasa Mahkemesinin iptaline konu olan 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 10. maddesinin 9. f\u0131kras\u0131, kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin tespiti i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lan davan\u0131n d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lamamas\u0131 h\u00e2linde, tespit edilen bedele bu s\u00fcrenin bitiminden itibaren kanuni faiz i\u015fletilmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. An\u0131lan d\u00fczenleme ile kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n ger\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n malike \u00f6denmesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f olup, Anayasa Mahkemesince an\u0131lan f\u0131kran\u0131n ger\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ili\u015fkin anayasal \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131lamakta yetersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle iptal edilmesi \u00fczerine, ortada dava tarihi itibar\u0131yla tespit edilen kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeline faiz uygulanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir Kanun h\u00fckm\u00fc kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, faiz hususunda bir Kanun bo\u015flu\u011fu olu\u015fmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

21. Somut olayda, \u0130lk Derece Mahkemesince eldeki davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan d\u00fczenleme gere\u011fince, davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde dava sonu\u00e7lanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeline d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ay\u0131n bitti\u011fi tarihten karar tarihine kadar yasal faiz uygulanmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir. Karar\u0131n istinaf incelemesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesi nedeniyle, B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince yeniden kurulan h\u00fck\u00fcmde \u00fcst norm olan Anayasan\u0131n 46. maddesi gere\u011fince, tespit edilen fark kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeline dava tarihinden karar tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in kamu alacaklar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen en y\u00fcksek oranda faiz i\u015fletilmesine karar verilmi\u015f, \u00d6zel Daire taraf\u0131ndan ise dava tarihinden sonra y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Anayasa Mahkemesi iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n geriye y\u00fcr\u00fcmeyece\u011fi, bu nedenle davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan 2942 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 10. maddesinin 9. f\u0131kras\u0131 gere\u011fince fark kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeline davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten d\u00f6rt ay sonras\u0131ndan ba\u015flamak \u00fczere yasal faiz uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle karar bozulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

22. Yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan maddi ve hukuki olgulara g\u00f6re, kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeline faiz i\u015fletilmek suretiyle daval\u0131 tarafa \u00f6denmesine ili\u015fkin kural\u0131n dayana\u011f\u0131 olan h\u00fckm\u00fcn 01.08.2023 tarihli ve 32266 say\u0131l\u0131 Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanarak y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Anayasa Mahkemesinin 05.04.2023 tarihli ve 2022\/83 Esas, 2023\/69 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ile iptal edildi\u011fine g\u00f6re, verilen iptal karar\u0131n\u0131n hen\u00fcz kesinle\u015fmemi\u015f eldeki davada uygulanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

23. Nitekim Hukuk Genel Kurulunun 15.02.2023 tarihli ve 2022\/9-303 Esas, 2023\/86 Karar; 29.09.2022 tarihli ve 2021\/(22)9-157 Esas, 2022\/1180 Karar; 29.09.2022 tarihli ve 2021\/9-827 Esas, 2022\/1181 Karar; 21.12.2021 tarihli ve 2019\/9-8 Esas, 2021\/1720 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar\u0131nda da ayn\u0131 sonuca var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

24. Bu itibarla B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesince, Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan verilen iptal karar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131larak, iptal edilen Kanun h\u00fckm\u00fc yerine \u00fcst norm olan Anayasan\u0131n 46. maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131 uygulanmak suretiyle, dava tarihinden itibaren karar tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in, daval\u0131 taraf\u0131n talebi aranmaks\u0131z\u0131n kamu alacaklar\u0131na uygulanan en y\u00fcksek faiz oran\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle direnme karar\u0131 verilmesi yerindedir.<\/p>\n

25. Hukuk Genel Kurulunda yap\u0131lan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler s\u0131ras\u0131nda, her ne kadar Anayasa Mahkemesince verilen iptal karar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda karar verilmesi ve Anayasan\u0131n 46. maddesinin son f\u0131kras\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc nazara al\u0131narak dava tarihinden karar tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in kamu alacaklar\u0131na uygulanan en y\u00fcksek faiz oran\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 gerekmekte ise de; daval\u0131 taraf\u0131n yasal faizin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir faizin uygulanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 26\/1. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen \u201cTaleple ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k ilkesi\u201d kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilebilecek bir talebi s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, fark kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedeline dava tarihinden karar tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal faiz oran\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, bu nedenle direnme karar\u0131n\u0131n bu de\u011fi\u015fik gerek\u00e7eyle bozulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ise de, bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f Kurul \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan benimsenmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

26. H\u00e2l b\u00f6yle olunca iki numaral\u0131 uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden usul ve yasaya uygun olan direnme karar\u0131n\u0131n onanmas\u0131 gerekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

VII. KARAR<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131klanan sebeplerle;<\/p>\n

I. A bendinde (\u00a71-10) g\u00f6sterilen gerek\u00e7elerle, birinci uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden verilen direnme karar\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6zel Daire bozma karar\u0131nda belirtilen ve yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan geni\u015fletilmi\u015f gerek\u00e7e ve nedenlerden dolay\u0131, 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 371. maddesi gere\u011fince oy birli\u011fiyle BOZULMASINA,<\/p>\n

II. B bendinde (\u00a711-26) belirtilen gerek\u00e7elerle, ikinci uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden verilen direnme karar\u0131n\u0131n oy \u00e7oklu\u011fu ile ONANMASINA,
\nHar\u00e7 pe\u015fin al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan har\u00e7 al\u0131nmas\u0131na yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na,<\/p>\n

Dosyan\u0131n 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 373. maddesinin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca karar\u0131 veren B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesine g\u00f6nderilmesine,
\n08.04.2026 tarihinde kesin olarak karar verildi.<\/p>\n

\n <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T.C. Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu 2025\/114 E., 2026\/226 K. “\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni” MAHKEMES\u0130 : Ankara B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 14. Hukuk Dairesi SAYISI : 2024\/1921 E., 2024\/1837 K. \u00d6ZEL DA\u0130RE KARARI : Yarg\u0131tay 5. Hukuk Dairesinin 12.03.2024 tarihli ve 2023\/10996 Esas, 2024\/3046 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 BOZMA karar\u0131 Taraflar aras\u0131ndaki kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedelinin tespiti ve terkin davas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lama…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11622,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11621","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diger"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11621","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11621"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11621\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11621"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11621"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11621"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}