{"id":11466,"date":"2026-06-26T09:35:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-26T09:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/2026\/06\/26\/aymnin-2021-54315-basvuru-numarali-karari\/"},"modified":"2026-06-26T09:35:00","modified_gmt":"2026-06-26T09:35:00","slug":"aymnin-2021-54315-basvuru-numarali-karari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/2026\/06\/26\/aymnin-2021-54315-basvuru-numarali-karari\/","title":{"rendered":"AYM’nin 2021\/54315 ba\u015fvuru numaral\u0131 karar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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<\/strong>T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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<\/strong>ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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<\/strong>B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130<\/strong> B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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<\/strong>KARAR<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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<\/strong>S.<\/strong>G.<\/strong> BA\u015eVURUSU (2) <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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(Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/54315)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Karar Tarihi: 11\/3\/2026<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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<\/strong>B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130<\/strong> B\u00d6L\u00dcM<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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<\/strong>KARAR<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n <\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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Ba\u015fkan y.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Recai AKYEL<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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\u00dcyeler<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ<\/p>\n

Selahaddin MENTE\u015e<\/p>\n

\u0130rfan F\u0130DAN<\/p>\n

Muhterem \u0130NCE<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Raport\u00f6r<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Sinan ARMA\u011eAN<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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Ba\u015fvurucu<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Vekili<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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\u200b<\/p>\n

I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130 <\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Ba\u015fvuru, kollu\u011fun g\u00f6sterinin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 nedeniyle meydana gelen yaralanma ve bu olay hakk\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcrecinin etkisizli\u011fi nedeniyle k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkindir.<\/p>\n

A. Ba\u015fvuru S\u00fcreciyle \u0130lgili Bilgiler<\/strong><\/p>\n

2. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki yerel se\u00e7imlerde Muradiye Belediyesine meclis \u00fcyesi se\u00e7ilen ba\u015fvurucu, Muradiye Belediyesinde e\u015f genel ba\u015fkan olarak g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektedir. 28\/1\/2015 tarihinde Muradiye (Van) Belediyesi \u00f6n\u00fcnde Suriye’nin Ayn El Arab b\u00f6lgesindeki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n sona ermesini kutlamak amac\u0131yla Demokratik B\u00f6lgeler Partisi ve Halklar\u0131n Demokratik Partisinin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir etkinlik d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Alanda tedbir alan kolluk g\u00fc\u00e7leri etkinlik alan\u0131na as\u0131lan baz\u0131 poster ve pankartlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda parti y\u00f6neticilerine ve gruptakilere uyar\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn saat 16.00’da 12 polis memuru taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen olay tutana\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re ba\u015fvurucunun da i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015fi “pankartlar\u0131n kesinlikle indirilmeyece\u011fini, m\u00fcdahale edilirse kar\u015f\u0131 konulaca\u011f\u0131, polisin g\u00fcc\u00fc varsa kendilerinin de g\u00fcc\u00fc oldu\u011fu”<\/i> \u015feklinde cevaplar vermi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 tutana\u011f\u0131n devam\u0131na g\u00f6re ba\u015fvurucu “m\u00fcdahale edilirse kar\u015f\u0131 koyulaca\u011f\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00fcm olabilece\u011fi”<\/i> y\u00f6n\u00fcnde tehdit i\u00e7erikli s\u00f6zler sarf etmi\u015ftir. Kolluk, su\u00e7 te\u015fkil etti\u011fini belirtti\u011fi poster ve pankartlar\u0131n indirilmesi i\u00e7in d\u00f6rt defa ses y\u00fckseltici cihazla uyar\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f; grup i\u00e7indeki ki\u015filer poster ve pankartlar\u0131 indirmeyecekleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermi\u015ftir. Grupta bulunan ki\u015filerin kollu\u011fa s\u00f6zl\u00fc ve fiziki sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunmas\u0131, belediye bah\u00e7esi ve \u00e7evresinde bulunan ve kimli\u011fi belirlenemeyen on ki\u015filik grubun ta\u015fla sald\u0131rmas\u0131 ve etkinlik i\u00e7in kurulan platforma y\u00fcz\u00fc maskeli ki\u015filerin \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 \u00fczerine gruba orant\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ta\u015fl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00c7evik Kuvvet polisine ait bir plastik koruyucu kalkan k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tutanakta, m\u00fcdahale s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun da yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3. Ba\u015fvurucu, yaralanmas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda ambulansla Muradiye Devlet Hastanesine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn d\u00fczenlenen genel adli muayene raporunda ba\u015fvurucunun kafas\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131na copla darbe ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, kusma, sol g\u00f6zde \u015fa\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, sa\u011f g\u00f6zde kanama oda\u011f\u0131 ve kafa oksipital<\/i> b\u00f6lgede a\u011fr\u0131 ve \u015fi\u015flik \u015fik\u00e2yetleri oldu\u011fu \u015feklinde tespitlerde bulunulmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucu, tomografi cihaz\u0131 yoklu\u011fu nedeniyle Van B\u00f6lge Hastanesine sevk edilmi\u015f, tedavisine burada devam edilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu 30\/1\/2015 g\u00fcn\u00fc sabah saatlerinde s\u00f6z konusu hastaneden taburcu edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

4. Kollu\u011fun olay\u0131 bildirmesi \u00fczerine Muradiye Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k) derh\u00e2l zor kullanma yetkisine ili\u015fkin s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 su\u00e7undan soru\u015fturma ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer yandan 30\/1\/2015 tarihinde Van Baro Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 temsilen baro ba\u015fkan\u0131, ba\u015fvurucunun yaralanmas\u0131 nedeniyle su\u00e7 duyurusunda bulunmu\u015ftur. Savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u00fc talimat\u0131 \u00fczerine olay g\u00fcn\u00fc etkinlikte g\u00f6revli yirmi be\u015f civar\u0131nda \u00c7evik Kuvvet polis memurunun Ter\u00f6rle M\u00fccadele B\u00fcro Amirli\u011finde 3\/2\/2015-5\/2\/2015 tarihlerinde tan\u0131k olarak ifadesi al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f fakat polislere olayla ilgili herhangi bir foto\u011fraf veya kamera kayd\u0131 g\u00f6sterilip diyecekleri sorulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca iki polis memuru taraf\u0131ndan ulusal bas\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan haberlerdeki g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler incelenip bununla ilgili olarak 31\/1\/2015 tarihinde tutanak haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tutanakta ba\u015fvurucunun g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin \u00f6n\u00fcne gelerek “Bunun hesab\u0131n\u0131 vereceksiniz, halay \u00e7eken bir grubu e\u011fer siz \u00f6l\u00fcmle tehdit ediyorsan\u0131z bunun hesab\u0131 size sorulacak.” <\/i>dedi\u011fi, \u00c7evik Kuvvet polisleri kaskl\u0131 ve gaz maskeli oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in arbede esnas\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucuya kimin vurdu\u011funun tespit edilemedi\u011fi kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 soru\u015fturma kapsam\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ana ili\u015fkin foto\u011fraf ve video kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n incelenerek yaralanmas\u0131na sebep olan polis memurunun belirlenmesi i\u00e7in Jandarma Kriminal Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na (Jandarma Kriminal) yaz\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k ayr\u0131ca Van \u0130l Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden ba\u015fvurucunun yaralanmas\u0131 nedeniyle idari tahkikat yap\u0131l\u0131p yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ba\u015fvurucuya vuran polis memurunun tespit edilip edilmedi\u011fini sormu\u015f; ayr\u0131ca ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda adli rapor d\u00fczenlenmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

5. Ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda Muradiye Devlet Hastanesinde 28\/1\/2015 g\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fczenlenen genel adli muayene raporunda “ba\u015f oksipital b\u00f6lgede \u015fi\u015flik ve a\u011fr\u0131, sol g\u00f6zde \u015fa\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, sa\u011f g\u00f6zde kanama oda\u011f\u0131”<\/i> \u015feklinde muayene bulgular\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015f, ayr\u0131ca ba\u015fvurucunun ba\u015f\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 darbe sonucu tomografi \u00e7ekimi ve ileri tedavi i\u00e7in Van B\u00f6lge E\u011fitim ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Hastanesine (Van B\u00f6lge Hastanesi) sevk edildi\u011fi bildirilmi\u015ftir. Van B\u00f6lge Hastanesi taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen epikriz \u00f6zetinin “\u00d6neriler”<\/i> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn son k\u0131sm\u0131nda “Gece \u00e7ekilen beyin MR da belirgin patoloji izlenmedi\u011fi Dr. <\/i>[F.P.] taraf\u0131ndan ifade edildi. Hastaya beyin cerrahisi rekonsultasyonu istendi. Kontrollerinde patoloji olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylendi. Hastan\u0131n kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 ve bulant\u0131 \u015fikayetlerinde azalma olmas\u0131 \u00fczerine hasta \u00f6nerilerle taburcu edildi.” <\/i>\u015feklinde bilgiye yer verilmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu yaz\u0131da ba\u015fvurucunun taburcu g\u00fcn\u00fc 30\/1\/2015, saati ise 09.51 olarak belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

6. Ba\u015fvurucu 18\/3\/2015 tarihinde Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131kta verdi\u011fi ifadesinde olay yerinde emniyet m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcyle etkinli\u011fe m\u00fcdahale edilmemesi konusunda konu\u015ftu\u011funu, emniyet m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn da\u011f\u0131lmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u011fini, bir m\u00fcddet sonra polislerin gazla m\u00fcdahale etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, emniyet m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcne “Halay \u00e7eken ki\u015filere bu \u015fekilde m\u00fcdahale edilmez, ellerinde ta\u015f, sopa yok.” <\/i>dedi\u011fini, emniyet m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn arkas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6nmesi \u00fczerine muhatap bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kendisinin de arkas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fcp yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahaleye bakmak istedi\u011fi s\u0131rada kafas\u0131na copla vuruldu\u011funu, darbe al\u0131nca nas\u0131l yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc dahi hat\u0131rlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hemen bay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kendisine vuran ki\u015fiyi hat\u0131rlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, emniyet m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcnden ve kendisine vuran ki\u015fiden \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7i oldu\u011funu bildirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

7. Jandarma Kriminal taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan 25\/5\/2015 tarihli raporun sonu\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131nda “olay\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi anda polis memurunun y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn, kask\u0131n\u0131n ve\/veya di\u011fer \u015fah\u0131slardan ay\u0131rt edilebilecek derecede \u00f6zellik i\u00e7eren herhangi bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn (k\u0131yafet, aksesuar vb.) \u00e7ekim yapan kameralar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alan\u0131 ve a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde yer almamas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 polis memurunun tespitini sa\u011flayacak herhangi bir bulgunun tespit edilemedi\u011fi”<\/i> bildirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

8. Van \u0130l Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olayla ilgili yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 idari soru\u015fturman\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011fini Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6ndermi\u015f ve soru\u015fturman\u0131n devam etti\u011fini bildirmi\u015ftir. \u0130dari tahkikat neticesinde soru\u015fturmac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan 31\/5\/2015 tarihinde rapor haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Rapora g\u00f6re biri emniyet m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olmak \u00fczere yirmi iki polis memuru tahkikatta dinlenmi\u015f, ayr\u0131ca Muhabere \u015eube M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kay\u0131tlar\u0131yla ilgili inceleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 istenmi\u015ftir. Raporun sonu\u00e7 ve kanaat k\u0131sm\u0131nda, polis memuru K.K.n\u0131n yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckten sonra ba\u015fvurucuya copla vurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi nedeniyle K.K.ya \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn ayl\u0131ktan kesme cezas\u0131 verilmesi, di\u011fer polis memurlar\u0131 M.F., M.A.D. ve E.\u00dc.n\u00fcn ise olay g\u00fcn\u00fc cop kulland\u0131klar\u0131 fakat ba\u015fvurucuya vurduklar\u0131na dair herhangi bir bilgi ve belge tespit edilemedi\u011finden bu ki\u015filere ceza verilmemesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Adli T\u0131p Kurumu 2. \u0130htisas Dairesi taraf\u0131ndan 15\/6\/2016 tarihinde ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen raporda ba\u015fvurucunun yaralanmas\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye sokmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ki\u015fi \u00fczerindeki etkisinin basit t\u0131bbi m\u00fcdahaleyle giderilebilecek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde hafif nitelikte oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

9. Ba\u015fvurucunun avukat\u0131 25\/6\/2015 tarihinde sundu\u011fu dilek\u00e7ede ba\u015fvurucunun arkas\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fck iken kafas\u0131na copla vurulmas\u0131 \u00fczerine bay\u0131l\u0131p yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckten sonra da polislerin ba\u015fvurucuya vurmaya devam etti\u011fini, ba\u015flat\u0131lan soru\u015fturman\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ki\u015filerce y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmedi\u011fini, tutanaklar\u0131n eksik ve yanl\u0131 d\u00fczenlendi\u011fini, su\u00e7 vasf\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru belirlenmedi\u011fini, olay\u0131n faillerinin ve tan\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmedi\u011fini ve olay yerinde ke\u015fif yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

10. Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 soru\u015fturma sonunda d\u00fczenledi\u011fi 3\/8\/2016 tarihli iddianamede polis memuru K.K.n\u0131n ba\u015fvurucuyu kasten yaralad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir. Muradiye Asliye Ceza Mahkemesindeki (Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi) yarg\u0131laman\u0131n ilk celsesi 26\/10\/2016 tarihinde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yarg\u0131lama on bir celsede tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu, avukat\u0131 e\u015fli\u011finde 28\/12\/2016 tarihli celsede verdi\u011fi ifadede Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k ifadesiyle benzer anlat\u0131mda bulunmu\u015ftur. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi, polis memurlar\u0131 M.F., E.T. ve E.\u00c7.nin tan\u0131k olarak istinabe yoluyla ifadelerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. \u0130stinabe talebine ili\u015fkin yaz\u0131n\u0131n ekine bu ki\u015filerin idari tahkikat s\u0131ras\u0131nda verdikleri ifadeleri de eklenmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu tan\u0131klar idari tahkikatta foto\u011fraf g\u00f6sterilerek soruldu\u011funda ba\u015fvurucunun kafas\u0131na copla vuran ki\u015finin kim oldu\u011funu bilmediklerini, elinde eldiven olmayan, copuyla birilerine vurdu\u011fu izlenimi veren ki\u015finin K.K. oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. 12\/10\/2016 tarihinde istinabe yoluyla ifade veren E.\u00c7. beyan\u0131nda olay s\u0131ras\u0131nda grubun sol \u00f6n taraf\u0131nda bulundu\u011funu ve gruba kalkanla m\u00fcdahale etti\u011fini, \u00f6n tarafta oldu\u011fundan arkada kalan ba\u015fvurucunun nas\u0131l yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini, foto\u011fraflarda g\u00f6sterilen ki\u015finin K.K. oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ifade etmi\u015ftir. Tan\u0131k M.F. naip h\u00e2kime verdi\u011fi beyanda ba\u015fvurucunun nas\u0131l yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015fvurucuya copla vurdu\u011funu veya m\u00fcdahale etti\u011fini g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini bildirmi\u015ftir. Tan\u0131k E.T. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesinde verdi\u011fi ifadede g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerdeki ki\u015finin y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnmedi\u011fini, y\u00fcz\u00fcnde maske olmamas\u0131ndan ve kolundaki armadan yola \u00e7\u0131karak bu ki\u015finin K.K. oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi\u011fini, h\u00e2lbuki bu tespitin \u00e7ok sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, o d\u00f6nem idari soru\u015fturmac\u0131n\u0131n uzayan soru\u015fturma nedeniyle bask\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcdeki ki\u015finin K.K. olabilece\u011fi gibi olay g\u00fcn\u00fc z\u0131rhl\u0131 birliklerden g\u00f6revlendirilen di\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015finin de olabilece\u011fini (\u00dc\u00e7 ki\u015fiden ikisinin ismini \u0130.G. ve S. olarak bildirmi\u015ftir.) s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

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11. Tan\u0131k E.T.nin bildirdi\u011fi ki\u015filerin de istinabe yoluyla ifadesi al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130.G. ifadesinde olay g\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015fka il\u00e7ede g\u00f6revli oldu\u011funu, S.K. ise olay yerinden 70-80 metre uzakta oldu\u011funu, olay\u0131 g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Erci\u015f Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn cevap yaz\u0131s\u0131nda olay g\u00fcn\u00fc z\u0131rhl\u0131 birlikten alt\u0131 polis memurunun g\u00f6revlendirildi\u011fi bildirilmi\u015ftir. San\u0131k K.K. 2\/12\/2016 tarihinde naip h\u00e2kime verdi\u011fi savunmas\u0131nda, gruptan ta\u015f at\u0131lmas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda kalkanc\u0131 polislerin sa\u011fa ve sola ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu s\u0131rada yerde yatan bir kad\u0131n g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, ba\u015fvurucuya vurmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya vurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ba\u015fvurucunun nas\u0131l yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerde y\u00fcz\u00fcnde gaz maskesi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kendisi g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in su\u00e7lamalara maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. K.K. idari tahkikatta verdi\u011fi beyan\u0131nda -foto\u011fraflar\u0131n g\u00f6sterilmesi \u00fczerine- ba\u015fvurucuya vuran ki\u015finin veya elinde eldiven olmayan ve copla birilerine vurdu\u011fu izlenimi veren ki\u015finin kendisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

12. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi 19\/9\/2018 tarihinde san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraatine karar vermi\u015ftir. Gerek\u00e7eli kararda, olaya ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler ile inceleme tutanaklar\u0131na g\u00f6re ba\u015fvurucunun kafas\u0131na cop ile vuran polis memurunun olay s\u0131ras\u0131nda -san\u0131\u011f\u0131n aksine- siyah eldiven giydi\u011fi, g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerde K.K. oldu\u011fu iddia edilen ki\u015finin ba\u015fvurucu yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckten sonra vurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi fakat vurma kast\u0131yla hareket etti\u011finin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclere g\u00f6re anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayr\u0131ca gelen yaz\u0131ya g\u00f6re z\u0131rhl\u0131 birliklerden g\u00f6revlendirilen tek polis memurunun K.K. olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tan\u0131k anlat\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6rg\u00fcye de\u011fil tahmine dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu nedenlerle san\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerine at\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fine dair \u015f\u00fcpheden uzak herhangi bir delilin bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Verilen h\u00fck\u00fcmde olay\u0131n fail\/faillerinin tespiti i\u00e7in Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa su\u00e7 duyurusunda bulunulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucu, verilen karara kar\u015f\u0131 istinaf kanun yoluna ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fvurucu; istinaf dilek\u00e7esinde, maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 muamelenin i\u015fkence su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011funu, bu nedenle g\u00f6revsizlik karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekti\u011fini, olay g\u00fcn\u00fc polis m\u00fcdahalesiyle yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kamera g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerine yans\u0131m\u0131\u015fken polislerin tarafl\u0131 anlat\u0131mlar\u0131na itibar edilerek san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraatine karar verildi\u011fini, dosyadaki doktor raporlar\u0131na ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kay\u0131tlar\u0131na neden de\u011fer verilmedi\u011finin a\u00e7\u0131klanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

13. Erzurum B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 1. Ceza Dairesi 1\/10\/2021 tarihinde istinaf ba\u015fvurusunun reddine karar vermi\u015ftir. Karar ba\u015fvurucuya 26\/10\/2021 tarihinde tebli\u011f edilmi\u015f, ba\u015fvurucu 10\/11\/2021 tarihinde bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

14. Ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilirlik ve esas incelemesinin B\u00f6l\u00fcm taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

B. Ba\u015fvuruyla \u0130lgili Di\u011fer Yarg\u0131lama S\u00fcre\u00e7leri<\/strong><\/p>\n

15. Ba\u015fvurucunun -di\u011fer d\u00f6rt san\u0131kla birlikte- olay g\u00fcn\u00fc etkinlik alan\u0131na baz\u0131 pankart ve posterlerin as\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc propagandas\u0131 yapma, s\u00f6z konusu pankart ve posterlerin kollu\u011fun ikaz\u0131na ra\u011fmen indirilmesine diren\u00e7 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle de kamu g\u00f6revlisine g\u00f6revini yapt\u0131rmamak i\u00e7in direnme su\u00e7lar\u0131ndan cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 talebiyle Erci\u015f A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesinde (A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesi) dava a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Mahkemesinin 10\/10\/2017 tarihli karar\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucunun kamu g\u00f6revlisine direnme su\u00e7undan beraatine, di\u011fer su\u00e7tan ise cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir. Beraat karar\u0131 istinaf kanun yoluna ba\u015fvurulmadan kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu, di\u011fer su\u00e7tan verilen cezaya kar\u015f\u0131 istinaf kanun yoluna ba\u015fvurmu\u015f; Erzurum B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesi 2. Ceza Dairesi 13\/2\/2020 tarihli karar\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucunun eyleminin isnat edilen su\u00e7u olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, su\u00e7 ve su\u00e7luyu \u00f6vme su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle verilen karar\u0131 bozmu\u015ftur. Bozma sonras\u0131 ne \u015fekilde karar verildi\u011fi tespit edilememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

16. Ba\u015fvurucu, olay g\u00fcn\u00fc polis taraf\u0131ndan copla yaralanmas\u0131 ve bay\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra da fiziki m\u00fcdahaleye maruz kalmas\u0131 nedeniyle 26\/10\/2015 tarihinde Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc aleyhine 600.000 TL manevi tazminat talebiyle tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131 a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Van 3. \u0130dare Mahkemesi (\u0130dare Mahkemesi) 6\/5\/2019 tarihli karar\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucunun a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar vermi\u015f, lehine 7.000 TL manevi tazminata h\u00fckmetmi\u015ftir. \u0130lgili kararda bireysel ba\u015fvuruya konu yarg\u0131lamaya at\u0131f yap\u0131larak ba\u015fvurucunun bir polis memuru taraf\u0131ndan yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fu kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca olay g\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015fvurucunun polisin ikazlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 tehditk\u00e2r bir tav\u0131r sergilemi\u015fse de fiziksel bir sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ta\u015f atan grup i\u00e7inde yer almad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kollukla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015f\u0131na aniden bir cop darbesi ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckten sonra da k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli fiziksel m\u00fcdahaleye maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, kollu\u011fun eyleminin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz oldu\u011fu, ta\u015fl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 sonras\u0131nda olu\u015fan karga\u015fa ortam\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun istemsizce yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsedilemeyece\u011fi, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla idarenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan zarardan sorumlu oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Karar, Erzurum B\u00f6lge \u0130dare Mahkemesi 2. \u0130dari Dava Dairesinin 27\/10\/2021 tarihli karar\u0131 sonucu kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu, karar sonras\u0131nda bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunmu\u015ftur. Komisyon 15\/11\/2022 tarihinde ba\u015fvuru hakk\u0131nda s\u00fcre a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle kabul edilemezlik karar\u0131 vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

II. DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME <\/strong><\/p>\n

17. Ba\u015fvurucu; kollu\u011fun etkinli\u011fe kat\u0131lanlara m\u00fcdahale etmesini engellemek amac\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fczakereler s\u0131ras\u0131nda kafas\u0131na copla vuruldu\u011funu, bay\u0131l\u0131p yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckten sonra da K.K.n\u0131n i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu bir grup polisin kendisine vurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, olayla ilgili kamera g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen etkili bir soru\u015fturma yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, sadece bir polis memuru hakk\u0131nda i\u015fkence su\u00e7u yerine kasten yaralama su\u00e7undan ceza davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, makul olmayan bir s\u00fcrede tamamlanan yarg\u0131laman\u0131n sonunda dosyadaki delillere ra\u011fmen bu ki\u015finin beraatine karar verilerek olay\u0131n sorumlular\u0131n\u0131n cezas\u0131z b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015f ve k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131 ile adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini iddia etmi\u015ftir. Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Bakanl\u0131k) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde, ilgili mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ve Anayasa Mahkemesinin \u00f6nceki i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda ihlal iddialar\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesi gerekti\u011fi bildirilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu, Bakanl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 beyan\u0131nda \u00f6nceki iddialar\u0131n\u0131 yinelemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

18. Ba\u015fvuru, k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

19. A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a dayanaktan yoksun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kabul edilemezli\u011fine karar verilmesini gerektirecek ba\u015fka bir neden de bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fvurunun kabul edilebilir oldu\u011funa karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

20. \u0130nsan onurunun korunmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin ilk f\u0131kras\u0131nda maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi hakk\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f; ayn\u0131 maddenin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131yla da ki\u015filere i\u015fkence<\/i> ve eziyet<\/i> yap\u0131lmas\u0131, ki\u015filerin insan haysiyetiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan<\/i> bir cezaya veya muameleye tabi tutulmas\u0131 yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yasak i\u00e7in herhangi bir istisnan\u0131n kabul edilmemesi ve Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 15. maddesinde sava\u015f, seferberlik veya ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2llerde de maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dokunulamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ifade edilmesi, yasa\u011f\u0131n mutlak niteli\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte yasak, t\u00fcm k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele durumlar\u0131n\u0131 kapsamaz. Bir muamelenin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131na girebilmesi, asgari bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k derecesine (ciddiyet seviyesine) ula\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Asgari a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k derecesine ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131p ula\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6recelidir ve somut olay\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesiyle belirlenir. Yap\u0131lacak de\u011ferlendirmede muamelenin s\u00fcresi, fiziksel ve ruhsal etkileri ile ma\u011fdurun cinsiyeti, ya\u015f\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu gibi etkenler \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Bu etkenlere ard\u0131ndaki kas\u0131t veya saik ile birlikte muamelenin amac\u0131 da eklenebilir. Ayr\u0131ca gerilimin ve duygular\u0131n y\u00fckseldi\u011fi atmosfer gibi muamelenin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u011flam da dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken di\u011fer bir etkendir (Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri <\/i>[1. B.], B. No: 2013\/293, 17\/7\/2014, \u00a7\u00a7 80, 83; Ali R\u0131za \u00d6zer ve di\u011ferleri<\/i> [GK], B. No: 2013\/3924, 6\/1\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 72, 74, 75; K.K. <\/i>[GK], B. No: 2020\/34532, 29\/5\/2024, \u00a7 26).<\/p>\n

21. G\u00fc\u00e7 kullanmaya yetkili kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin tutumu nedeniyle kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 kesin olarak gerekli olmayan bir ki\u015fiye kar\u015f\u0131 fiziksel g\u00fcce ba\u015fvurmalar\u0131 -ki\u015fi \u00fczerindeki etkisi ne olursa olsun- ilke olarak Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131 ihlal eder. Kesin gerekli oldu\u011fu h\u00e2llerde de g\u00fc\u00e7, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131ya ka\u00e7madan kullan\u0131lmal\u0131 ve ki\u015finin tutumuyla orant\u0131l\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r (Ali R\u0131za \u00d6zer ve di\u011ferleri, <\/i>\u00a7 81; K.K.<\/i> \u00a7 27).<\/p>\n

22. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131yla yasaklanan muamelelerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin iddialar uygun delillerle desteklenmelidir. Bu delillerin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde ise s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen delillerin iddiay\u0131 makul \u015f\u00fcphenin \u00f6tesinde ispat edip etmedi\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmelidir. Bununla birlikte yeterince ciddi, a\u00e7\u0131k ve tutarl\u0131 emareler ya da aksi ispat edilemeyen birtak\u0131m karineler de iddian\u0131n ispat\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli kan\u0131t te\u015fkil edebilir (K.K.<\/i>, \u00a7 28; baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle birlikte bkz. Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri<\/i>, \u00a7 95; Ali R\u0131za \u00d6zer ve di\u011ferleri<\/i>, \u00a7 83).23. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesi -\u201cDevletin temel ama\u00e7 ve g\u00f6revleri<\/i>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 5. maddedeki genel y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckle birlikte yorumland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda- bireyin bir devlet g\u00f6revlisinin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 ve Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131 ihlal eden bir muamelesine u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin savunulabilir <\/i>iddias\u0131 hakk\u0131nda etkili bir soru\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini gerektirir. K\u00f6t\u00fc muamelenin kasten yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc durumlarda iddia hakk\u0131nda ivedilikle bir ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eik\u00e2yet olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bile ki\u015fiye k\u00f6t\u00fc muamelede bulunuldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin yeterince a\u00e7\u0131k belirtiler varsa konuyla ilgili bir ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin gerektirdi\u011fi \u015fekilde etkili oldu\u011funun kabul edilebilmesi i\u00e7in soru\u015fturmay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten ki\u015filer olaya kar\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmal\u0131, soru\u015fturmada olay\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatabilecek ve sorumlular\u0131n belirlenmesini sa\u011flayabilecek t\u00fcm deliller toplanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Dahas\u0131 soru\u015fturma s\u00fcreci gerekti\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kamu denetimine a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131, ma\u011fdur soru\u015fturmaya etkili \u015fekilde kat\u0131labilmeli ve soru\u015fturmada makul bir \u00f6zen ve s\u00fcratle hareket edilmelidir. Yetkililer, soru\u015fturmay\u0131 sonland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in aceleci davranmamal\u0131 ve temelden yoksun sonu\u00e7lara dayanmamal\u0131d\u0131r (Tahir Canan [1. B.], B. No: 2012\/969, 18\/9\/2013, \u00a7 25; Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7\u00a7 111, 112, 114-117; Ali R\u0131za \u00d6zer ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7\u00a7 101-103). Ayr\u0131ca soru\u015fturma sonunda verilen karar, kullan\u0131lan g\u00fcc\u00fcn gereklili\u011fi ve orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili bir de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7ermelidir (baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle birlikte bkz. Cebrail Bekta\u015f ve Y\u00fcksel \u015eahin [2. B.], B. No: 2015\/4787, 25\/9\/2019, \u00a7 64).<\/p>\n

24. Olas\u0131 cezai sorumlulu\u011fun tespiti ad\u0131na y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma sonras\u0131nda kovu\u015fturma evresine ge\u00e7ilmi\u015fse bu a\u015faman\u0131n da Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin gereklerine cevap verebilecek nitelikte olmas\u0131 gerekir (Filiz Aka [1. B.], B. No: 2013\/8365, 10\/6\/2015, \u00a7 30; Fatma Ak\u0131n ve Mehmet Eren [GK], B. No: 2017\/26636, 10\/11\/2021, \u00a7 100).<\/p>\n

25. Bireylerin cezai sorumlulu\u011funa ili\u015fkin hukuki sorunlar\u0131 incelemek, bireysel ba\u015fvuruya konu edilen yarg\u0131sal s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u015f\u00fcpheli ya da san\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ki\u015filerin su\u00e7lu veya su\u00e7suz oldu\u011funa karar vermek ya da s\u00f6z konusu yarg\u0131sal s\u00fcre\u00e7te san\u0131klara verilen cezalar\u0131n miktar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek Anayasa Mahkemesinin g\u00f6revi de\u011fildir (Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 76; Umut Tama\u00e7 [2. B.], B. No: 2014\/13514, 18\/7\/2018, \u00a7 98). Anayasa Mahkemesinin inceledi\u011fi husus, devletin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesi kapsam\u0131ndaki sorumlulu\u011fudur (Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 96; Aysel Gezer ve di\u011ferleri [2. B.], B. No: 2021\/9961, 2\/11\/2023, \u00a7 147).<\/p>\n\n

26. Somut olayda 28\/1\/2015 tarihinde Muradiye Belediyesi \u00f6n\u00fcnde d\u00fczenlenen etkinlikte polis m\u00fcdahalesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucu yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Adli T\u0131p Kurumu taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen rapor da ba\u015fvurucunun ba\u015f b\u00f6lgesindeki yaralanmay\u0131 teyit etmektedir. Olay\u0131n kolluk taraf\u0131ndan bildirilmesi \u00fczerine Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k derh\u00e2l ve resen harekete ge\u00e7erek soru\u015fturma ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Soru\u015fturma kapsam\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 inceletmi\u015f, ba\u015fvurucunun beyan\u0131n\u0131 bizzat alm\u0131\u015f, olay yerinde g\u00f6revli olan \u00e7evik kuvvet polislerinin ifadelerini ald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, idari tahkikat dosyas\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011fini temin etmi\u015f ve Adli T\u0131p Kurumuna ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda sa\u011fl\u0131k raporu d\u00fczenlettirmi\u015ftir. Y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc soru\u015fturma sonunda ise polis memuru olan K.K.n\u0131n ba\u015fvurucuyu yaralad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131yla iddianame haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesinde yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lamada ba\u015fvurucu ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ifadelerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda toplam be\u015f polis memuru tan\u0131k olarak dinlenmi\u015f, ba\u015fkaca esasl\u0131 bir delil toplanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

27. Yarg\u0131lama sonunda Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi, san\u0131k polis memuru K.K. hakk\u0131nda beraat karar\u0131 verse de gerek\u00e7eli karar\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun ba\u015f b\u00f6lgesinden bir polisin cop darbesiyle yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir. \u00d6te yandan iddianamede veya Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi karar\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun kendisine g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lacak nitelikte bir davran\u0131\u015f sergiledi\u011fi konusunda bir tespite yer verilmemi\u015ftir. Her ne kadar ba\u015fvurucu aleyhinde kamu g\u00f6revlisine kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6revini yapt\u0131rmama su\u00e7undan ceza davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lsa da s\u00f6z konusu davada ba\u015fvurucuya isnat edilen eylemin su\u00e7 vasf\u0131nda oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilen pankart ve posterleri ikaza ra\u011fmen indirmemek oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Kald\u0131 ki s\u00f6z konusu su\u00e7tan ba\u015fvurucunun beraatine karar verilmi\u015f ve karar kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer taraftan ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda -mevcut bireysel ba\u015fvurunun konusunu olu\u015fturmayan- ba\u015fvurucunun a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 tazminat davas\u0131nda da ba\u015fvurucunun kafas\u0131na polis taraf\u0131ndan copla vuruldu\u011fu, \u00f6ncesinde ba\u015fvurucunun kollu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 fiziksel bir sald\u0131r\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmedi\u011fi kabul edilerek lehine manevi tazminata h\u00fckmedilmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6zellikle adli makamlar taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen soru\u015fturma ve bunun sonucunda verilen kararda ba\u015fvurucuya kar\u015f\u0131 gerekmedi\u011fi h\u00e2lde kolluk taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ba\u015f\u0131ndan copla yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

28. \u00d6te yandan ba\u015fvurucu, ba\u015f\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 darbe sonucunda bayg\u0131nl\u0131k ge\u00e7irip d\u00fc\u015fmesinden sonra kollu\u011fun fiziksel sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n devam etti\u011fini iddia etse de \u00f6zellikle olaydan sonra d\u00fczenlenen sa\u011fl\u0131k raporlar\u0131nda v\u00fccudunun ba\u015fka bir b\u00f6lgesinde yaralanmadan bahsedilmemesi ve ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131nda elde edilen deliller dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun bu iddias\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131 bir de\u011ferlendirme yapmay\u0131 gerektirir nitelikte olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanaatine var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 sonucu meydana gelen yaralanma nedeniyle k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi iddias\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden etkili soru\u015fturma t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu da g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde -ba\u015fvurucunun bu iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkin- \u0130dare Mahkemesi karar\u0131ndaki kabul\u00fcn de bu kanaati de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye yetmedi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenmelidir.<\/p>\n

29. Sonu\u00e7 itibar\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucu, kolluk taraf\u0131ndan copla kafas\u0131na vurularak yaralanm\u0131\u015f; buna ra\u011fmen y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma sonunda olay\u0131n tek san\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda beraat karar\u0131 verilmi\u015f ve bu \u015fekilde olay\u0131n fail\/failleri belirlenmeden soru\u015fturma kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sonuca var\u0131lmas\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun yaralanmas\u0131na neden olan polis memurunun g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerde y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckmemesi ve kask numaras\u0131 gibi ay\u0131rt edici bir \u00f6zellik ta\u015f\u0131mamas\u0131 nedeniyle kim oldu\u011funun tespit edilememesinin \u00f6nemli bir yer tuttu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. H\u00e2lbuki etkili bir soru\u015fturma yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edilebilmesi i\u00e7in olay\u0131n failinin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler \u00fczerinden belirlenemedi\u011fi durumda \u00f6ncelikle olay yerindeki di\u011fer polis memurlar\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi, tespit edilen bu ki\u015filere foto\u011fraf ve kamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilerek ba\u015fvurucuyu yaralayan ki\u015finin te\u015fhis edilmesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ortadad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

30. Ne var ki Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k a\u015famas\u0131nda \u00c7evik Kuvvet polislerinin tan\u0131k olarak ifadeleri al\u0131n\u0131rken bu ki\u015filere herhangi bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015f, beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frulu\u011fu Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler e\u015fli\u011finde denetlenmemi\u015ftir. Bu eksiklik kovu\u015fturma a\u015famas\u0131nda da giderilmemi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla olay\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatabilecek ve sorumlular\u0131n belirlenmesini sa\u011flayabilecek b\u00fct\u00fcn deliller toplanmadan bir sonuca var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Eksikliklere ra\u011fmen olay\u0131n \u00fczerinden yakla\u015f\u0131k alt\u0131 y\u0131l dokuz ay ge\u00e7mesinden sonra soru\u015fturman\u0131n tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda makul s\u00fcratle hareket edilmedi\u011fi ayr\u0131ca ortaya konulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve usul boyutunun ihlal edildi\u011fi kabul edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Selahaddin MENTE\u015e bu sonuca farkl\u0131 gerek\u00e7eyle kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

31. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve usul boyutunun ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

III. G\u0130DER\u0130M <\/strong><\/p>\n

32. Ba\u015fvurucu; ihlalin tespiti, yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve 250.000 TL manevi tazminat verilmesi talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

33. Ba\u015fvuruya konu olayda dava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n dolup dolmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda adli makamlar taraf\u0131ndan bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde ba\u015fvuruda tespit edilen anayasal hak ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda hukuki yarar ve zorunluluk bulunmaktad\u0131r. Anayasa’n\u0131n 148. ve 153. maddeleri ile 30\/3\/2011 tarihli ve 6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesinin Kurulu\u015fu ve Yarg\u0131lama Usulleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun’un 50. ve 66. maddeleri uyar\u0131nca ihlal karar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi yarg\u0131 mercilerinin yapmas\u0131 gereken i\u015f, yeniden yarg\u0131lama i\u015flemlerini ba\u015flat\u0131p Anayasa Mahkemesinin ihlal karar\u0131nda belirtilen ilkelere ve gerek\u00e7elere uygun bi\u00e7imde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclecek yarg\u0131lama sonunda hak ihlalinin nedenlerini gidererek yeni bir karar vermektir (yeniden yarg\u0131lama konusunda bkz. Mehmet Do\u011fan<\/i> [GK], B. No: 2014\/8875, 7\/6\/2018, \u00a7\u00a7 54-60; Alig\u00fcl Alkaya ve di\u011ferleri (2) <\/i>[1. B.], B. No: 2016\/12506, 7\/11\/2019, \u00a7\u00a7 53-60, 66; Kadri Enis Berbero\u011flu (3) <\/i>[GK], B. No: 2020\/32949, 21\/1\/2021, \u00a7\u00a7 93-100).<\/p>\n

34. \u0130hlalin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurucuya manevi zararlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130dare Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan h\u00fckmedilen tazminat dikkate al\u0131narak ve talebine ba\u011fl\u0131 kal\u0131narak net 250.000 TL manevi tazminat \u00f6denmesine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

IV. H\u00dcK\u00dcM <\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle;<\/p>\n

A. K\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin iddian\u0131n KABUL ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R OLDU\u011eUNA,<\/p>\n

B. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve usul boyutunun \u0130HLAL ED\u0130LD\u0130\u011e\u0130NE,<\/p>\n

C. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlalinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeniden yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere Muradiye 1. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesine (E.2016\/262, K.2018\/342) G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n

\u00c7. Ba\u015fvurucuya net 250.000 TL manevi tazminat \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n

D. 487,60 TL har\u00e7 ve 40.000 TL vek\u00e2let \u00fccretinden olu\u015fan toplam 40.487,60 TL yarg\u0131lama giderinin ba\u015fvurucuya \u00d6DENMES\u0130NE,<\/p>\n

E. \u00d6demelerin karar\u0131n tebli\u011fini takiben ba\u015fvurucunun Hazine ve Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvuru tarihinden itibaren d\u00f6rt ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmas\u0131na, \u00f6demede gecikme olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde bu s\u00fcrenin sona erdi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6deme tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in yasal FA\u0130Z UYGULANMASINA,<\/p>\n

F. Karar\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011finin Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na G\u00d6NDER\u0130LMES\u0130NE 11\/3\/2026 tarihinde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/p>\n

\u200b<\/p>\n

\u200b<\/p>\n

\u200b<\/p>\n

FARKLI GEREK\u00c7E<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Mahkemenin say\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015fvurucunun Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve usul boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmi\u015ftir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da belirtece\u011fim farkl\u0131 gerek\u00e7elerle eziyet yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve usul boyutunun ihlal edildi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle say\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kat\u0131lmaktay\u0131m.<\/p>\n

2. Ba\u015fvurucu, kollu\u011fun etkinli\u011fe kat\u0131lanlara m\u00fcdahale etmesini engel olmak amac\u0131yla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fczakereler s\u0131ras\u0131nda kafas\u0131na copla vuruldu\u011funu, bay\u0131l\u0131p yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckten sonra da K.K.n\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu bir grup polis taraf\u0131ndan kendisine vurulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, olayla ilgili kamera g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen etkili bir soru\u015fturma yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve sadece bir polis memuru hakk\u0131nda i\u015fkence su\u00e7u yerine kasten yaralama su\u00e7undan ceza davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, makul olmayan bir s\u00fcrede tamamlanan yarg\u0131lama sonunda dosyadaki delillere ra\u011fmen bu ki\u015finin beraatine karar verilerek olay\u0131n sorumlular\u0131n\u0131n cezas\u0131z b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131 ile adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini iddia etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

3. \u0130nsan onurunun korunmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin ilk f\u0131kras\u0131nda maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi hakk\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f; ayn\u0131 maddenin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131yla da ki\u015filere i\u015fkence ve eziyet yap\u0131lmas\u0131, ki\u015filerin insan haysiyetiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan bir cezaya veya muameleye tabi tutulmas\u0131 yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yasak i\u00e7in herhangi bir istisnan\u0131n kabul edilmemesi ve Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 15. maddesinde sava\u015f, seferberlik veya ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc h\u00e2llerde de maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dokunulamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ifade edilmesi, yasa\u011f\u0131n mutlak niteli\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte yasak, t\u00fcm k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele durumlar\u0131n\u0131 kapsamaz. Bir muamelenin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131na girebilmesi, asgari bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k derecesine (ciddiyet seviyesine) ula\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Asgari a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k derecesine ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131p ula\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6recelidir ve somut olay\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesiyle belirlenir. Yap\u0131lacak de\u011ferlendirmede muamelenin s\u00fcresi, fiziksel ve ruhsal etkileri ile ma\u011fdurun cinsiyeti, ya\u015f\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131k durumu gibi etkenler \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Bu etkenlere ard\u0131ndaki kas\u0131t veya saik ile birlikte muamelenin amac\u0131 da eklenebilir. Ayr\u0131ca gerilimin ve duygular\u0131n y\u00fckseldi\u011fi atmosfer gibi muamelenin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u011flam da dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken di\u011fer bir etkendir (Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri [1. B.], B. No: 2013\/293, 17\/7\/2014, \u00a7\u00a7 80, 83; Ali R\u0131za \u00d6zer ve di\u011ferleri [GK], B. No: 2013\/3924, 6\/1\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 72, 74, 75; K.K. [GK], B. No: 2020\/34532, 29\/5\/2024, \u00a7 26).<\/p>\n

4. G\u00fc\u00e7 kullanmaya yetkili kamu g\u00f6revlilerinin tutumu nedeniyle kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 kesin olarak gerekli olmayan bir ki\u015fiye kar\u015f\u0131 fiziksel g\u00fcce ba\u015fvurmalar\u0131, ki\u015fi \u00fczerindeki etkisi ne olursa olsun ilke olarak Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131 ihlal ihlal eder. Kesin gerekli oldu\u011fu h\u00e2llerde de g\u00fc\u00e7, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131ya ka\u00e7madan kullan\u0131lmal\u0131 ve ki\u015finin tutumuyla orant\u0131l\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r (Ali R\u0131za \u00d6zer ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 81; K.K. \u00a7 27).<\/p>\n

5. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131yla yasaklanan muamelelerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin iddialar, uygun delillerle desteklenmelidir. Bu delillerin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde ise s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen delillerin iddiay\u0131 makul \u015f\u00fcphenin \u00f6tesinde ispat edip etmedi\u011fi g\u00f6zetilmelidir. Bununla birlikte yeterince ciddi, a\u00e7\u0131k ve tutarl\u0131 emareler ya da aksi ispat edilemeyen birtak\u0131m karineler de iddian\u0131n ispat\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli kan\u0131t te\u015fkil edebilir (K.K., \u00a7 28; baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle birlikte bkz. Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 95; Ali R\u0131za \u00d6zer ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 83).6. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesi \u201cDevletin temel ama\u00e7 ve g\u00f6revleri\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 5. maddedeki genel y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckle birlikte yorumland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bireyin bir devlet g\u00f6revlisinin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 ve Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131 ihlal eden bir muamelesine u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin savunulabilir iddias\u0131 hakk\u0131nda etkili bir soru\u015fturma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini gerektirir. K\u00f6t\u00fc muamelenin kasten yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc durumlarda iddia hakk\u0131nda ivedilikle bir ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eik\u00e2yet olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bile ki\u015fiye k\u00f6t\u00fc muamelede bulunuldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin yeterince a\u00e7\u0131k belirtiler varsa konuyla ilgili bir ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin gerektirdi\u011fi \u015fekilde etkili oldu\u011funun kabul edilebilmesi i\u00e7in soru\u015fturmay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten ki\u015filer olaya kar\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmal\u0131, soru\u015fturmada olay\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatabilecek ve sorumlular\u0131n belirlenmesini sa\u011flayabilecek t\u00fcm deliller toplanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Dahas\u0131 soru\u015fturma s\u00fcreci gerekti\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kamu denetimine a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131, ma\u011fdur soru\u015fturmaya etkili \u015fekilde kat\u0131labilmeli ve soru\u015fturmada makul bir \u00f6zen ve s\u00fcratle hareket edilmelidir. Yetkililer, soru\u015fturmay\u0131 sonland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in aceleci davranmamal\u0131 ve temelden yoksun sonu\u00e7lara dayanmamal\u0131d\u0131r (Tahir Canan [1. B.], B. No: 2012\/969, 18\/9\/2013, \u00a7 25; Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7\u00a7 111, 112, 114-117; Ali R\u0131za \u00d6zer ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7\u00a7 101-103). Ayr\u0131ca soru\u015fturma sonunda verilen karar, kullan\u0131lan g\u00fcc\u00fcn gereklili\u011fi ve orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili bir de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7ermelidir (baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikliklerle birlikte bkz. Cebrail Bekta\u015f ve Y\u00fcksel \u015eahin [2. B.], B. No: 2015\/4787, 25\/9\/2019, \u00a7 64).<\/p>\n

7. Olas\u0131 cezai sorumlulu\u011fun tespiti ad\u0131na y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma sonras\u0131nda kovu\u015fturma evresine ge\u00e7ilmi\u015fse bu a\u015faman\u0131n da Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin gereklerine cevap verebilecek nitelikte olmas\u0131 gerekir (Filiz Aka [1. B.], B. No: 2013\/8365, 10\/6\/2015, \u00a7 30; Fatma Ak\u0131n ve Mehmet Eren [GK], B. No: 2017\/26636, 10\/11\/2021, \u00a7 100).<\/p>\n

8. Bireylerin cezai sorumlulu\u011funa ili\u015fkin hukuki sorunlar\u0131 incelemek, bireysel ba\u015fvuruya konu edilen yarg\u0131sal s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u015f\u00fcpheli ya da san\u0131k s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan ki\u015filerin su\u00e7lu veya su\u00e7suz oldu\u011funa karar vermek ya da s\u00f6z konusu yarg\u0131sal s\u00fcre\u00e7te san\u0131klara verilen cezalar\u0131n miktar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek Anayasa Mahkemesinin g\u00f6revi de\u011fildir (Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 76; Umut Tama\u00e7 [2. B.], B. No: 2014\/13514, 18\/7\/2018, \u00a7 98). Anayasa Mahkemesinin inceledi\u011fi husus, devletin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesi kapsam\u0131ndaki sorumlulu\u011fudur (Cezmi Demir ve di\u011ferleri, \u00a7 96; Aysel Gezer ve di\u011ferleri [2. B.], B. No: 2021\/9961, 2\/11\/2023, \u00a7 147).<\/p>\n

9. Somut olayda, 28\/1\/2015 tarihinde Muradiye Belediyesi \u00f6n\u00fcnde d\u00fczenlenen etkinlikte polis m\u00fcdahalesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucu yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Adli T\u0131p Kurumu taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen rapor da ba\u015fvurucunun ba\u015f b\u00f6lgesindeki yaralanmay\u0131 teyit etmektedir. Olay\u0131n kolluk taraf\u0131ndan bildirilmesi \u00fczerine Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k derh\u00e2l ve resen harekete ge\u00e7erek soru\u015fturma ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Soru\u015fturma kapsam\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 inceletmi\u015f, ba\u015fvurucunun beyan\u0131n\u0131 bizzat alm\u0131\u015f, olay yerinde g\u00f6revli olan \u00e7evik kuvvet polislerinin ifadelerini ald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, idari tahkikat dosyas\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011fini temin etmi\u015f ve Adli T\u0131p Kurumuna ba\u015fvurucu hakk\u0131nda sa\u011fl\u0131k raporu d\u00fczenlettirmi\u015ftir. Y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc soru\u015fturma sonunda ise polis memuru olan K.K.n\u0131n ba\u015fvurucuyu yaralad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131yla iddianame haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Asliye Ceza Mahkemesinde yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lamada ba\u015fvurucu ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ifadelerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda toplam be\u015f polis memuru tan\u0131k olarak dinlenilmi\u015f, ba\u015fkaca esasl\u0131 bir delil toplanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

10. Yarg\u0131lama sonunda Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi, san\u0131k polis memuru K.K. hakk\u0131nda beraat karar\u0131 vermi\u015fse de gerek\u00e7eli karar\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun ba\u015f b\u00f6lgesinden bir polisin cop darbesiyle yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir. \u00d6te yandan iddianamede veya Asliye Ceza Mahkemesi karar\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun kendisine g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lacak nitelikte bir davran\u0131\u015f sergiledi\u011fi konusunda bir tespite yer verilmemi\u015ftir. Her ne kadar ba\u015fvurucu aleyhinde kamu g\u00f6revlisine kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6revini yapt\u0131rmama su\u00e7undan ceza davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa da s\u00f6z konusu davada ba\u015fvurucuya isnat edilen eylemin su\u00e7 vasf\u0131nda oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilen pankart ve posterleri ikaza ra\u011fmen indirmemek oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Kald\u0131 ki s\u00f6z konusu su\u00e7tan ba\u015fvurucunun beraat\u0131na karar verilmi\u015f ve karar kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer taraftan ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda mevcut bireysel ba\u015fvurunun konusunu olu\u015fturmayan- ba\u015fvurucunun a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 tazminat davas\u0131nda da ba\u015fvurucunun kafas\u0131na polis taraf\u0131ndan copla vuruldu\u011fu, \u00f6ncesinde ba\u015fvurucunun kollu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 fiziksel bir sald\u0131r\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmedi\u011fi kabul edilerek lehine manevi tazminata h\u00fckmedilmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6zellikle adli makamlar taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen soru\u015fturma ve bunun sonucunda verilen kararda ba\u015fvurucuya gerekmedi\u011fi h\u00e2lde kolluk taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fc\u00e7 kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ba\u015f\u0131ndan copla yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan ba\u015fvurucu, ba\u015f\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 darbe sonucunda bayg\u0131nl\u0131k ge\u00e7irip d\u00fc\u015fmesinden sonra kollu\u011fun fiziksel sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n devam etti\u011fini iddia etmi\u015fse de \u00f6zellikle olaydan sonra d\u00fczenlenen sa\u011fl\u0131k raporlar\u0131nda v\u00fccudunun ba\u015fka bir b\u00f6lgesinde yaralanmadan bahsedilmemesi ve ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131nda elde edilen deliller dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun bu iddias\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131 bir de\u011ferlendirme yapmay\u0131 gerektirir nitelikte olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanaatine var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda etkili yolun ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu da g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde -ba\u015fvurucunun bu iddias\u0131na ili\u015fkin- \u0130dare Mahkemesi karar\u0131ndaki kabul\u00fcn de bu kanaati de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye yetmedi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenmelidir.<\/p>\n

11. Sonu\u00e7 itibar\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucu, kolluk taraf\u0131ndan copla kafas\u0131na vurularak yaralanm\u0131\u015f buna ra\u011fmen y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen soru\u015fturma sonunda olay\u0131n tek san\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda beraat karar\u0131 verilmi\u015f ve bu \u015fekilde olay\u0131n fail\/failleri belirlenmeden soru\u015fturma kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sonuca var\u0131lmas\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucunun yaralanmas\u0131na neden olan polis memurunun g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerde y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckmemesi ve kask numaras\u0131 gibi ay\u0131rt edici bir \u00f6zellik ta\u015f\u0131mamas\u0131 nedeniyle kim oldu\u011funun tespit edilememesinin \u00f6nemli bir yer tuttu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. H\u00e2lbuki etkili bir soru\u015fturmas\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edebilmek i\u00e7in olay\u0131n failinin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler \u00fczerinden belirlenemedi\u011fi durumda \u00f6ncelikle olay yerindeki di\u011fer polis memurlar\u0131n\u0131n tespit edilmesi, tespit edilen bu ki\u015filere foto\u011fraf ve kamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilerek ba\u015fvurucuyu yaralayan ki\u015finin te\u015fhisinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ortadad\u0131r. Ne var ki Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k a\u015famas\u0131nda \u00e7evik kuvvet polislerinin tan\u0131k olarak ifadeleri al\u0131n\u0131rken bu ki\u015filere herhangi bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015f, beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frulu\u011fu Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler e\u015fli\u011finde denetlenmemi\u015ftir. Bu eksiklik kovu\u015fturma a\u015famas\u0131nda da giderilmemi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla olay\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatabilecek ve sorumlular\u0131n belirlenmesini sa\u011flayabilecek b\u00fct\u00fcn deliller toplanmadan bir sonuca var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Eksikliklere ra\u011fmen olay\u0131n \u00fczerinden yakla\u015f\u0131k alt\u0131 y\u0131l dokuz ay ge\u00e7mesinden sonra soru\u015fturman\u0131n tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda makul s\u00fcratle hareket edilmedi\u011fi ayr\u0131ca ortaya konulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve usul boyutlar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi kabul edilmelidir. Anayasa Mahkemesinin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda yasaklanan muamelelerle ilgili de\u011ferlendirmelerine g\u00f6re ba\u015fvurucunun yaralanmas\u0131na neden olan muamele eziyet olarak nitelendirilebilir (bahsi ge\u00e7en muamelelerle ilgili ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalar i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok karar aras\u0131ndan bkz. S.D. [1. B.], B. No: 2013\/3017, 16\/12\/2015, \u00a7\u00a7 84-88; Cengiz Kahraman ve Kenan \u00d6zy\u00fcrek [1. B.], B. No: 2013\/8137, 20\/4\/2016, \u00a7\u00a7 90-94).<\/p>\n

12. A\u00e7\u0131klanan gerek\u00e7elerle Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 17. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan eziyet yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve usul boyutunun ihlal edildi\u011fine karar verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u00dcye<\/p>\n

Selahaddin MENTE\u015e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM KARAR S.G. BA\u015eVURUSU (2) (Ba\u015fvuru Numaras\u0131: 2021\/54315) Karar Tarihi: 11\/3\/2026 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 B\u00d6L\u00dcM KARAR \u200b Ba\u015fkan y. : Recai AKYEL \u00dcyeler : Yusuf \u015eevki HAKYEMEZ Selahaddin MENTE\u015e \u0130rfan F\u0130DAN Muhterem \u0130NCE Raport\u00f6r : Sinan ARMA\u011eAN Ba\u015fvurucu : Vekili : \u200b I. BA\u015eVURUNUN \u00d6ZET\u0130 1. Ba\u015fvuru, kollu\u011fun g\u00f6sterinin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11467,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diger"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11466","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11466"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11466\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11467"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11466"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11466"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11466"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}