{"id":11338,"date":"2026-06-16T10:23:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-16T10:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/2026\/06\/16\/hukumde-hukuka-aykiri-delilin-incelenme-sirasi-ve-delilin-reddi\/"},"modified":"2026-06-16T10:23:00","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T10:23:00","slug":"hukumde-hukuka-aykiri-delilin-incelenme-sirasi-ve-delilin-reddi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/2026\/06\/16\/hukumde-hukuka-aykiri-delilin-incelenme-sirasi-ve-delilin-reddi\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00dcK\u00dcMDE HUKUKA AYKIRI DEL\u0130L\u0130N \u0130NCELENME SIRASI VE DEL\u0130L\u0130N REDD\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

Elde edilen hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delil dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dahi san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraat\u0131na karar verilmesi gerekti\u011fi durumda, delilin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 niteli\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n beraat karar\u0131 verilmesi yerinde midir?<\/p>\n

Bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle;<\/strong> san\u0131\u011f\u0131n iddianamede g\u00f6sterilen fiili i\u015flendi\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir veya birden fazla delil oldu\u011fu, ancak mahkemenin, bu delillerin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 yol ve y\u00f6ntemle elde edildi\u011fini tespit etti\u011fi durumda, delillerin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin hi\u00e7bir tespitte bulunmaks\u0131z\u0131n beraat karar\u0131 verilebilir mi?<\/p>\n

Kanaatimizce;<\/strong> bu konuda bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131l\u0131rken, 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu m.223\/2\u2019de d\u00fczenlenen beraat kararlar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda bir ay\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. CMK m.230\/2\u2019de \u201cBeraat h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn gerek\u00e7esinde, 223 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilen hallerden hangisine dayan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6sterilmesi gerekir.\u201d<\/i> h\u00fckm\u00fcne yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

CMK m.223\/2-e\u2019de yer alan \u201cY\u00fcklenen su\u00e7un san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flendi\u011finin sabit olmamas\u0131\u201d<\/i>, yani \u201c\u015f\u00fcpheden san\u0131k yararlan\u0131r\u201d ilkesinden hareketle san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraat\u0131na karar verilmesi halinde, dosya kapsam\u0131nda san\u0131k aleyhine sunulan delillerin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 yol ve y\u00f6ntemlerle elde edildi\u011fi dikkate al\u0131narak ve bu deliller t\u00fcm\u00fc ile g\u00f6zard\u0131 edilerek, bu delillerin san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda \u201c\u015f\u00fcphe\u201d sebebi dahi olamayaca\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmelidir. Bu durumda; CMK m.223\/2-b\u2019de d\u00fczenlenen, \u201cY\u00fcklenen su\u00e7un san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenmedi\u011finin sabit olmas\u0131\u201d <\/i>gerek\u00e7esine dayan\u0131lmal\u0131, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delilin fiilin san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flendi\u011fine dair \u015f\u00fcphe meydana getiremeyece\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131 ve beraat karar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi olarak karara yaz\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

CMK m.230\/1-b\u2019de;<\/strong> \u201cMahkumiyet h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn gerek\u00e7esinde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hususlar g\u00f6sterilir: (\u2026) Delillerin tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi, h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan ve reddedilen delillerin belirtilmesi; bu kapsamda dosya i\u00e7erisinde bulunan ve hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerle elde edilen delillerin ayr\u0131ca ve a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterilmesi\u201d<\/i> gerekti\u011fi, bu h\u00fck\u00fcmden anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, gerek\u00e7ede reddedilen delillerden hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 yol ve y\u00f6ntemlerle elde edilenlerin ayr\u0131ca ve a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterilece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kanaatimizce; <\/strong>elde edilen delilin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu tespit edilmekle birlikte, bu delil san\u0131\u011f\u0131n su\u00e7suzlu\u011funu ortaya koyuyorsa yarg\u0131lamada kullan\u0131labilmeli, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delilin san\u0131k aleyhine oldu\u011fu durumda mahkumiyete esas al\u0131nmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc itham sisteminde iddia eden ve soru\u015fturmay\u0131 ba\u015flatan savc\u0131l\u0131k makam\u0131 hukuka uygun yol ve y\u00f6ntemlerle delil toplamal\u0131, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 yol ve y\u00f6ntemlerle toplanan delillerden \u015f\u00fcphelinin veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n lehine olanlar varsa, bunlar kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Delilin \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan veya onun ad\u0131na birisi taraf\u0131ndan hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 yol ve y\u00f6ntemle elde edilmesi durumunda, san\u0131k bu hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delilden yararlanabilir mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Cebir ve \u015fiddet veya tehdit kullanmak suretiyle tan\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fturan \u015f\u00fcphelinin veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n veya onun ad\u0131na hareket eden bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n, su\u00e7un \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenmedi\u011fini ortaya koyan somut delillere ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, ger\u00e7ekten ortada sorunlu bir hukuki durumla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Esasen hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delillerin yarg\u0131lamada kullan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Anayasa m.38\/6 ile CMK m.206\/2-a ve m.217\/2, hem hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delilin \u015f\u00fcphelinin veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n lehine olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hem de hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n hangi taraf\u00e7a kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususunda ay\u0131r\u0131ma gitmemi\u015f ve hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delillerin kullan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015ftur. CMK m.206\/2-a uyar\u0131nca, ortaya koyulmas\u0131 istenilen delil kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak elde edilmi\u015fse reddedilmelidir. Delilin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, CMK m.230\/1-b uyar\u0131nca gerek\u00e7eli kararda g\u00f6sterilmelidir. Her ne kadar bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck mahkumiyet kararlar\u0131 ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutulmu\u015fsa da, Anayasa m.141\/3 ve CMK m.34 uyar\u0131nca mahkemece verilen t\u00fcm kararlar gerek\u00e7eli olmak zorundad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, bir beraat karar\u0131nda da delilin neden hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 yol ve y\u00f6ntemle elde edildi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cH\u00fckm\u00fcn gerek\u00e7esinde g\u00f6sterilmesi gereken hususlar\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 CMK m.230\/2\u2019de yer alan; \u201cBeraat h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn gerek\u00e7esinde, 223 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilen hallerden hangisine dayan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6sterilmesi gerekir.\u201d <\/i>h\u00fckm\u00fc, CMK m.206\/2-a uyar\u0131nca hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 yol ve y\u00f6ntemle elde edildi\u011finden bahisle reddedilen delilin ve bu nedenle <\/i>san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraat\u0131na dair karar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131na engel te\u015fkil etmez.<\/p>\n

Prensip olarak, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 yol ve y\u00f6ntemlerle elde edilen deliller ceza muhakemesinde \u015f\u00fcphelinin ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n lehine olsa da kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte; <\/strong>elde edili\u015fine \u015f\u00fcphelinin veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n veya onun ad\u0131na bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n kar\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delilin \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131k lehine oldu\u011fu durumda, maddi hakikat ve bilhassa da adalet ad\u0131na, su\u00e7suz insan\u0131n mahkum edilmesinin yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sebebiyet vermemek amac\u0131yla istisnai olarak ceza muhakemesinde dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir. Sonu\u00e7ta, delili kirleten veya hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 hale getiren \u015f\u00fcpheli veya san\u0131k de\u011fildir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, elbette \u015f\u00fcphelinin veya san\u0131\u011f\u0131n veya onun ad\u0131na bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n cebir ve \u015fiddet veya tehdit yoluyla ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 delillere itibar edilemez. Nitekim CMK m.290\u2019da, \u201cSan\u0131\u011f\u0131n yarar\u0131na olan hukuk kurallar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k, san\u0131k aleyhine h\u00fckm\u00fcn bozdurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131na bir hak vermez.\u201d<\/i> h\u00fckm\u00fcne yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015flendi\u011fi iddia olunan bir su\u00e7 ve onun fail veya failleri hakk\u0131nda delil toplama yetkisi adli makamlara tan\u0131nmakla birlikte, bu makamlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan ki\u015filerce, yani \u00f6zel ki\u015filerce elde edilen hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delillere de\u011finecek olursak;<\/p>\n

\u00d6zel ki\u015filerce elde edilen hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delillerden anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken; adli makamlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan ve i\u015flendi\u011fi iddia olunan bir su\u00e7la ilgili soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturma yetkisine sahip olmayan ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan, hukuk kurallar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilmesi ile elde edilen deliller demektir.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak;<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak elde edilen delillerin yarg\u0131lamada kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zel ki\u015filerin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde elde etti\u011fi deliller yarg\u0131lamada kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu tespit \u201cd\u00fcr\u00fcst yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131\u201d kapsam\u0131nda bir zorunluluk olmakla beraber, bunun yegane istisnas\u0131n\u0131 adli makamlar\u0131n bu delillere ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131 normlar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ula\u015fabilme imkan\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

Bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle;<\/strong> hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delil elde edenin \u00f6zel ki\u015fi olmas\u0131n\u0131n veya delil toplamaya yetkili ki\u015fi s\u0131fat\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131n, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delile yarg\u0131lamada kullan\u0131labilme g\u00fcc\u00fc vermesinin k\u0131stas\u0131 say\u0131lmas\u0131 kabul edilemez. Burada \u00f6nemli olan husus, yarg\u0131lamada kullan\u0131lmak istenilen delilin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak elde edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u015fekilde bir delil yarg\u0131lamada yine de kullan\u0131lacak olursa, mahkemenin verdi\u011fi karar hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 nitelikte olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda,<\/strong> \u00f6zel ki\u015filerin hukuka uygun \u015fekilde elinde bulundurduklar\u0131 delillerin ise yarg\u0131lamada kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemeliyiz. \u00d6rne\u011fin; \u00f6zel ki\u015finin \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131lan silah\u0131 veya uyu\u015fturucu veya uyar\u0131c\u0131 maddeyi veya evinin bah\u00e7esine at\u0131lan kanl\u0131 bir kaza\u011f\u0131 bulmas\u0131 halinde, bu delillerin hukuka uygunlu\u011fu elbette vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. Ersan \u015een<\/strong><\/p>\n

Av. Bu\u011fra \u015eahin<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Bu makale, say\u0131n <\/span>Prof. Dr. Ersan \u015eEN <\/span><\/a>taraf\u0131ndan <\/span>www.hukukihaber.net<\/span><\/a> sitesinde yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kaynak g\u00f6sterilse dahi makalenin tamam\u0131 \u00f6zel izin al\u0131nmadan kullan\u0131lamaz. Ancak al\u0131nt\u0131lanan makalenin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, aktif link verilerek kullan\u0131labilir. Yazar\u0131 ve kayna\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmeden k\u0131smen ya da tamamen yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 \u015fahsi haklara ve fikri haklara ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k te\u015fkil eder.)<\/span><\/p>\n

\n <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Elde edilen hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delil dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dahi san\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraat\u0131na karar verilmesi gerekti\u011fi durumda, delilin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 niteli\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n beraat karar\u0131 verilmesi yerinde midir? Bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle; san\u0131\u011f\u0131n iddianamede g\u00f6sterilen fiili i\u015flendi\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir veya birden fazla delil oldu\u011fu, ancak mahkemenin, bu delillerin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 yol ve y\u00f6ntemle elde edildi\u011fini tespit etti\u011fi durumda, delillerin…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11339,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diger"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11338","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11338"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11338\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11339"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}