NAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 VE YARGITAY \u0130\u00c7T\u0130HATLARI ARASINDAK\u0130 YAKLA\u015eIM FARKI<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d6zet<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Munzam zarar, bor\u00e7lunun temerr\u00fcd\u00fc nedeniyle alacakl\u0131n\u0131n temerr\u00fct faizini a\u015fan zarar\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesini ama\u00e7layan bir kurumdur. \u00d6zellikle y\u00fcksek enflasyon d\u00f6nemlerinde paran\u0131n reel de\u011fer kayb\u0131, munzam zarar tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk hukukunda uzun y\u0131llar boyunca Yarg\u0131tay, munzam zarar\u0131n somut ve kesin bi\u00e7imde ispat edilmesini aram\u0131\u015f; enflasyon olgusunu tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli kabul etmemi\u015ftir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k son d\u00f6nemde Anayasa Mahkemesi, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 eksenli bireysel ba\u015fvurularda, alaca\u011f\u0131n reel de\u011fer kayb\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131 ispat kurallar\u0131yla reddedilmesini temel hak ihlali kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, munzam zarar kurumunun teorik temelini incelemekte; Yarg\u0131tay ile Anayasa Mahkemesi aras\u0131ndaki yakla\u015f\u0131m fark\u0131n\u0131 analiz ederek y\u00fcksek enflasyon ko\u015fullar\u0131nda munzam zarar kavram\u0131n\u0131n yeniden yorumlanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u0130R\u0130\u015e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Son y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fanan y\u00fcksek enflasyon, para bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ifas\u0131nda alacakl\u0131n\u0131n u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 reel de\u011fer kayb\u0131n\u0131 yeniden hukuk\u00ee tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n merkezine ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle uzun s\u00fcren yarg\u0131lamalar, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yasal faiz oranlar\u0131 ve ekonomik dalgalanmalar nedeniyle alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n elde etti\u011fi faiz gelirinin ger\u00e7ek zararlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki iddialar artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu m.122 kapsam\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen munzam zarar kurumu yeniden \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Munzam zarar, temerr\u00fct faizinin kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ek zarar\u0131n giderilmesini ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte T\u00fcrk hukuk uygulamas\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131nda, munzam zarar talepleri uzun y\u0131llar s\u0131k\u0131 ispat kurallar\u0131na tabi tutulmu\u015ftur. Yarg\u0131tay\u2019a g\u00f6re alacakl\u0131 yaln\u0131zca enflasyon olgusuna dayanarak munzam zarar talebinde bulunamaz; ayr\u0131ca somut zarar\u0131n\u0131 ve bu zarar\u0131n miktar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k bi\u00e7imde ortaya koymal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Anayasa Mahkemesi bireysel ba\u015fvuru kararlar\u0131nda, y\u00fcksek enflasyon ortam\u0131nda alaca\u011f\u0131n reel de\u011fer kayb\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmesi m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle mahkemelerin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kat\u0131 ispat y\u00fck\u00fc uygulamalar\u0131, Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ve m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan denetime tabi tutulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, munzam zarar kavram\u0131n\u0131n teorik \u00e7er\u00e7evesini ortaya koyduktan sonra, Yarg\u0131tay ve Anayasa Mahkemesi i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki yakla\u015f\u0131m fark\u0131n\u0131 incelemekte; y\u00fcksek enflasyon ko\u015fullar\u0131nda munzam zarar kurumunun yeniden yorumlanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n I. MUNZAM ZARAR KAVRAMI VE HUKUK\u0130 N\u0130TEL\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n A. Munzam Zarar Kavram\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Munzam zarar, bor\u00e7lunun temerr\u00fcd\u00fc nedeniyle alacakl\u0131n\u0131n temerr\u00fct faizini a\u015fan zarar\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesini ifade etmektedir. T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun 122. maddesi \u015fu d\u00fczenlemeyi i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Temerr\u00fct faizi < Ger\u00e7ek zarar<\/p>\n\n\n\n Buna g\u00f6re alacakl\u0131, temerr\u00fct faizinin zarar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ispat etti\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ek tazminat talep edebilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Munzam zarar kurumu, temerr\u00fct faizinin g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc nitelikte olmas\u0131 nedeniyle alacakl\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek zarar\u0131n\u0131 her durumda kar\u015f\u0131layamamas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine dayanmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle ekonomik kriz ve y\u00fcksek enflasyon d\u00f6nemlerinde para borcunun ge\u00e7 \u00f6denmesi, alacakl\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ciddi bir servet kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B. Temerr\u00fct Faizi ile Munzam Zarar Aras\u0131ndaki Fark<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Temerr\u00fct faizi kanundan do\u011fan asgari bir tazmin niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131rken, munzam zarar somut olayda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ger\u00e7ek zarar esas\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu ili\u015fki \u015fu \u015fekilde ifade edilebilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Munzam Zarar = Ger\u00e7ek zarar \u2013 Temerr\u00fct faizi<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla munzam zarar, temerr\u00fct faizinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fil; onu tamamlayan bir mekanizma niteli\u011findedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C. Munzam Zarar\u0131n \u015eartlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6\u011freti ve yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131nda munzam zarar\u0131n olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in genel olarak \u015fu \u015fartlar aranmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1. Ge\u00e7erli bir para borcunun bulunmas\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. Bor\u00e7lunun temerr\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015fmesi,<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3. Temerr\u00fct faizini a\u015fan bir zarar\u0131n do\u011fmas\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4. Zarar ile temerr\u00fct aras\u0131nda illiyet ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5. Bor\u00e7lunun kusursuzlu\u011funu ispat edememesi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tart\u0131\u015fmalar esas olarak \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc unsur, yani \u201ctemerr\u00fct faizini a\u015fan zarar\u0131n nas\u0131l ispat edilece\u011fi\u201d noktas\u0131nda yo\u011funla\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n II. YARGITAY\u2019IN MUNZAM ZARARA \u0130L\u0130\u015eK\u0130N GELENEKSEL YAKLA\u015eIMI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n A. S\u0131k\u0131 \u0130spat Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Yarg\u0131tay uzun y\u0131llar boyunca munzam zarar\u0131n somut \u015fekilde ispat edilmesi gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde istikrarl\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m benimsemi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re alacakl\u0131;<\/p>\n\n\n\n – hangi ekonomik kayba u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – paray\u0131 zaman\u0131nda alsayd\u0131 nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirece\u011fini,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – hangi yat\u0131r\u0131m arac\u0131ndan mahrum kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n somut delillerle ortaya koymal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yarg\u0131tay\u2019a g\u00f6re soyut ekonomik veriler ya da genel enflasyon olgusu tek ba\u015f\u0131na munzam zarar i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B. Enflasyonun Tek Ba\u015f\u0131na Yeterli G\u00f6r\u00fclmemesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Yarg\u0131tay kararlar\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla \u015fu yakla\u015f\u0131m benimsenmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dclkedeki enflasyon oranlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na munzam zarar ispat\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n temelinde, her alacakl\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Yarg\u0131tay\u2019a g\u00f6re alacakl\u0131, paray\u0131 zaman\u0131nda tahsil etmi\u015f olsayd\u0131 nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirece\u011fini somutla\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu nedenle uygulamada;<\/p>\n\n\n\n – d\u00f6viz kuru fark\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – ticari kredi faizleri,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – yat\u0131r\u0131m ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n getirisi,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – finansman giderleri<\/p>\n\n\n\n gibi unsurlar \u00fczerinden hesaplama yap\u0131lmas\u0131 talep edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C. \u00d6\u011fretideki Ele\u015ftiriler<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6\u011fretide bir\u00e7ok yazar, Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kat\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n munzam zarar kurumunu i\u015flevsiz hale getirdi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrmektedir. \u00d6zellikle y\u00fcksek enflasyon d\u00f6nemlerinde paran\u0131n de\u011fer kayb\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fi savunulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u00fcrekli ve y\u00fcksek enflasyon bulunan ekonomilerde, paran\u0131n sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015fmesi art\u0131k istisnai de\u011fil, objektif bir ekonomik ger\u00e7ekliktir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla alacakl\u0131dan ayr\u0131ca \u201cparay\u0131 hangi yat\u0131r\u0131m arac\u0131na y\u00f6nlendirece\u011fini\u201d ispat etmesini beklemek hakkaniyete ayk\u0131r\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n III. ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 KARARLARI I\u015eI\u011eINDA MUNZAM ZARAR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n A. M\u00fclkiyet Hakk\u0131 Perspektifi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Anayasa Mahkemesi son y\u0131llarda bireysel ba\u015fvuru kararlar\u0131nda, alacaklar\u0131n reel de\u011fer kayb\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda incelemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mahkeme\u2019ye g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – uzun s\u00fcren yarg\u0131lamalar,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck faiz uygulamalar\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – y\u00fcksek enflasyon nedeniyle olu\u015fan de\u011fer kayb\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n ki\u015finin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131na \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz m\u00fcdahale olu\u015fturabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, munzam zarar kurumuna anayasal bir boyut kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0130spat Y\u00fck\u00fc Sorunu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131nda dikkat \u00e7eken en \u00f6nemli hususlardan biri, derece mahkemelerinin alacakl\u0131ya y\u00fckledi\u011fi a\u011f\u0131r ispat k\u00fclfetinin ele\u015ftirilmesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mahkeme\u2019ye g\u00f6re ekonomik ger\u00e7eklikten kopuk bi\u00e7imde;<\/p>\n\n\n\n – mutlak kesinlikte zarar hesab\u0131 istenmesi,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – y\u00fcksek enflasyonun etkisinin yok say\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – reel de\u011fer kayb\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmamas\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu ba\u011flamda AYM, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca alaca\u011f\u0131n nominal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, ekonomik de\u011ferini de korudu\u011fu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na yakla\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C. Reel De\u011ferin Korunmas\u0131 \u0130lkesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 esasen \u015fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye dayanmaktad\u0131r<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nominal De\u011fer e\u015fil de\u011fildir reel de\u011fer<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir alaca\u011f\u0131n y\u0131llar sonra nominal olarak tahsil edilmesi, y\u00fcksek enflasyon ortam\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek anlamda tatmin sa\u011flamayabilir. Bu nedenle devletin pozitif y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik de\u011ferini makul \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde koruyacak mekanizmalar olu\u015fturmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n IV. YARGITAY VE ANAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 ARASINDAK\u0130 YAKLA\u015eIM FARKI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n A. Teknik Bor\u00e7lar Hukuku Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve Temel Hak Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Yarg\u0131tay meseleye a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak klasik bor\u00e7lar hukuku prensipleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yakla\u015f\u0131rken, Anayasa Mahkemesi temel hak eksenli bir de\u011ferlendirme yapmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yarg\u0131tay bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6ncelikli mesele:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – zarar,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – illiyet ba\u011f\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – somut ispat<\/p>\n\n\n\n iken; Anayasa Mahkemesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n etkin korunmas\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – ekonomik ger\u00e7eklik<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B. \u0130\u00e7tihatlar\u0131n Yak\u0131nla\u015fma E\u011filimi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Son d\u00f6nem kararlar\u0131nda baz\u0131 Yarg\u0131tay dairelerinin, \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcksek enflasyon olgusunu daha esnek de\u011ferlendirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu durum, Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131n\u0131n dolayl\u0131 etkisi olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6zellikle ticari hayat\u0131n ola\u011fan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde finansman maliyetlerinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde, mahkemelerin art\u0131k ekonomik verileri daha fazla dikkate ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V. DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME VE SONU\u00c7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Munzam zarar kurumu, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek zarar\u0131n\u0131 gidermeyi ama\u00e7layan tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 bir tazmin mekanizmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak y\u00fcksek enflasyon ko\u015fullar\u0131nda geleneksel ispat standartlar\u0131n\u0131n aynen s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, kurumun i\u015flevsiz hale gelmesine yol a\u00e7abilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yarg\u0131tay taraf\u0131ndan uzun y\u0131llar uygulanan s\u0131k\u0131 ispat yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, ekonomik istikrar d\u00f6nemlerinde belirli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde anla\u015f\u0131labilir olsa da, y\u00fcksek enflasyon ortam\u0131nda hakkaniyete uygun sonu\u00e7lar \u00fcretmekte yetersiz kalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k Anayasa Mahkemesi, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 eksenli yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla alaca\u011f\u0131n yaln\u0131zca nominal de\u011fil reel de\u011ferinin de korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ispat y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn ele\u015ftirilmesi, munzam zarar kurumunun yeniden yorumlanmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kanaatimizce y\u00fcksek enflasyonun s\u00fcreklilik arz etti\u011fi ekonomik d\u00f6nemlerde;<\/p>\n\n\n\n – reel de\u011fer kayb\u0131na ili\u015fkin fiili karineler kabul edilmeli,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – T\u00dcFE ve \u00dcFE gibi objektif ekonomik veriler dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n – alacakl\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcz ispat y\u00fck\u00fc olu\u015fturulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Aksi yakla\u015f\u0131m, munzam zarar kurumunu teorik d\u00fczeyde b\u0131rakacak; alacakl\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek zarar\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesi amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyecektir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" NAYASA MAHKEMES\u0130 VE YARGITAY \u0130\u00c7T\u0130HATLARI ARASINDAK\u0130 YAKLA\u015eIM FARKI \u00d6zet Munzam zarar, bor\u00e7lunun temerr\u00fcd\u00fc nedeniyle alacakl\u0131n\u0131n temerr\u00fct faizini a\u015fan zarar\u0131n\u0131n giderilmesini ama\u00e7layan bir kurumdur. \u00d6zellikle y\u00fcksek enflasyon d\u00f6nemlerinde paran\u0131n reel de\u011fer kayb\u0131, munzam zarar tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden g\u00fcndeme ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk hukukunda uzun y\u0131llar boyunca Yarg\u0131tay, munzam zarar\u0131n somut ve kesin bi\u00e7imde ispat edilmesini aram\u0131\u015f; enflasyon olgusunu tek…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10340,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukuki-haber"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11302","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11302"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11302\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11303,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11302\/revisions\/11303"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10340"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}