{"id":11297,"date":"2026-06-12T12:46:19","date_gmt":"2026-06-12T12:46:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/?p=11297"},"modified":"2026-06-12T12:46:21","modified_gmt":"2026-06-12T12:46:21","slug":"hukmun-aciklanmasinin-geri-birakilmasi-kurumu-gerekli-midir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/2026\/06\/12\/hukmun-aciklanmasinin-geri-birakilmasi-kurumu-gerekli-midir\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00dcKM\u00dcN A\u00c7IKLANMASININ GER\u0130 BIRAKILMASI KURUMU GEREKL\u0130 M\u0130D\u0130R?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>HAGB\u2019nin Tarih\u00e7esi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 (HAGB) kurumu, hukukumuza ilk kez 5395 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7ocuk Koruma Kanunu&#8217;nun 23. maddesi ile girmi\u015f ve \u00e7ocuklar hakk\u0131nda uygulanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Akabinde bu kurum, yeniden d\u00fczenlenerek 06.12.2006 tarihli 5560 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun&#8217;un 23. maddesiyle Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu\u2019nun 231. maddesine eklenmi\u015ftir. Bu \u015fekilde h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ya\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck san\u0131klar i\u00e7in de uygulanma olana\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015fmu\u015ftur. 5560 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile yap\u0131lan d\u00fczenleme ile soru\u015fturmas\u0131 ve kovu\u015fturmas\u0131 \u015fikayet \u015fart\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olan ve h\u00fckmolunan bir y\u0131l veya daha az s\u00fcreli hapis veya adli para cezalar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131 verilebilmesi olanakl\u0131 hale gelmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 Kanun ile 5395 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun&#8217;un 23. maddesi de de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve 3 y\u0131ll\u0131k denetim s\u00fcresindeki farkl\u0131l\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u00e7ocuklar ve ya\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckler ayn\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmlere tabi tutulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kanun koyucu 23.01.2008 tarihli 5728 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile 5271 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun&#8217;un 231. maddesinde de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe gitmi\u015f, Anayasa&#8217;n\u0131n 174. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan ink\u0131lap kanunlar\u0131nda yer alan su\u00e7lar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, h\u00fckmolunan iki y\u0131l veya daha az s\u00fcreli hapis veya adli para cezalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin su\u00e7larda da h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikle HAGB uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli \u015fikayet \u015fart\u0131ndan da vazge\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir. S\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde 22.07.2010 tarihli 6008 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile \u201c<em>San\u0131\u011f\u0131n kabul etmemesi h\u00e2linde, h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmez<\/em>.\u201d, 18.06.2014 tarihli 6545 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile \u201c<em>Denetim s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde, ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda kas\u0131tl\u0131 bir su\u00e7 nedeniyle bir daha h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilemez<\/em>.\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc maddeye eklenmi\u015ftir.HAGB h\u00fck\u00fcmleri belirtilen \u015fekilde uygulan\u0131rken, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin (AYM) pe\u015f pe\u015fe verdi\u011fi iptal kararlar\u0131 \u00fczerine 7445 ve 7499 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunlarla HAGB h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinde de\u011fi\u015fikliklere gidilmi\u015ftir. En son&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hukukihaber.net\/hukmun-aciklanmasinin-geri-birakilmasi-hagb-kurumunu-duzenleyen-kurala-iliskin-iptal-davasi-ve-itiraz-basvurusu-hakkinda-karar\">AYM, 31.12.2025 tarihli Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan 2024\/98 Esas ve 2025\/149 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 norm denetimi karar\u0131&nbsp;<\/a>ile HAGB h\u00fck\u00fcmlerini tamamen iptal etmi\u015f ve kanun koyucuya yeni d\u00fczenleme i\u00e7in 9 ay s\u00fcre tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre ise 30.09.2026 tarihinde dolacak olup bu tarihe kadar d\u00fczenleme yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 halinde HAGB kurumu y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kalkacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>HAGB\u2019nin Hukuki Niteli\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir\u00e7ok Yarg\u0131tay karar\u0131nda da vurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda kurulan mahk\u00fbmiyet h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn hukuki bir sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmamas\u0131n\u0131, ask\u0131da olmas\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmektedir<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hukukihaber.net\/hukmun-aciklanmasinin-geri-birakilmasi-kurumu-gerekli-midir#_edn1\">[1]<\/a>. CMK&#8217;n\u0131n 231. maddesinin 5. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n son c\u00fcmlesinde yer alan, h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 kurulan h\u00fckm\u00fcn san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda bir hukuk\u00ee sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmamas\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder, d\u00fczenlemesi de bu durumu desteklemektedir. Bununla birlikte an\u0131lan f\u0131kraya 7499 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile 02.03.2024 tarihinde eklenen \u201c<em>m\u00fcsadereye ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler hari\u00e7<\/em>\u201d ibaresi ile h\u00fck\u00fcmde yer alan m\u00fcsadere karar\u0131n\u0131n infaz edilebilece\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 geri b\u0131rak\u0131lan h\u00fck\u00fcmde yer alan mahkumiyet h\u00fck\u00fcmleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden h\u00fckm\u00fcn hukuki sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ask\u0131da oldu\u011fu kabul edilebilir ise de, s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde maddede yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle getirilen \u201c<em>Denetim s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde, ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda kas\u0131tl\u0131 bir su\u00e7 nedeniyle bir daha h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilemez.&nbsp;<\/em>ve \u201c<em>H\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131,&nbsp;<u>m\u00fcsadereye ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler hari\u00e7<\/u>, kurulan h\u00fckm\u00fcn san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda bir hukuk\u00ee sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmamas\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder.\u201d<\/em>&nbsp;i\u00e7erikli d\u00fczenlemeler, h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine hukuki sonu\u00e7 do\u011furma kabiliyeti kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine 6328 say\u0131l\u0131 Kamu Denet\u00e7ili\u011fi Kurumu Kanunu\u2019nun ba\u015fdenet\u00e7i veya denet\u00e7i se\u00e7ilebilmek i\u00e7in aranan \u015fartlar\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen 10. maddesinin 1-f bendinde yer alan \u201c<em>26\/9\/2004 tarihli ve 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanununun 53 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinde belirtilen s\u00fcreler ge\u00e7mi\u015f olsa bile kasten i\u015flenen bir su\u00e7tan dolay\u0131 hapis cezas\u0131na ya da affa u\u011fram\u0131\u015f olsa veya&nbsp;<u>h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131 verilmi\u015f olsa bile<\/u>&nbsp;\u2026 su\u00e7lar\u0131ndan mahk\u00fbm olmamak.<\/em>\u201d gibi baz\u0131 \u00f6zel h\u00fck\u00fcmler de h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin mahkumiyet h\u00fckm\u00fcne sonu\u00e7 ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na konu kararda yer alan mahkumiyet h\u00fckm\u00fc kendi \u00f6z\u00fc yani \u00f6n mahkumiyet h\u00fckm\u00fc itibar\u0131yla h\u00fck\u00fcm do\u011furmamakta ise de, mahkumiyet h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn hukuk d\u00fcnyas\u0131na yans\u0131malar\u0131 itibar\u0131yla sonu\u00e7 do\u011furdu\u011fu, bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn baz\u0131 i\u015flemlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131na engel oldu\u011fu ya da m\u00fcsadere gibi baz\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n infaz edilebildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>HAGB\u2019nin Tarih\u00e7esi H\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 (HAGB) kurumu, hukukumuza ilk kez 5395 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7ocuk Koruma Kanunu&#8217;nun 23. maddesi ile girmi\u015f ve \u00e7ocuklar hakk\u0131nda uygulanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Akabinde bu kurum, yeniden d\u00fczenlenerek 06.12.2006 tarihli 5560 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun&#8217;un 23. maddesiyle Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu\u2019nun 231. maddesine eklenmi\u015ftir. Bu \u015fekilde h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ya\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck san\u0131klar i\u00e7in de&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10362,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11297","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukuki-haber"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11297","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11297"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11297\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11298,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11297\/revisions\/11298"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10362"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11297"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11297"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avrasyahukuk.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11297"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}